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Title: A method of verification of the total treatment time for the APBI (Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation) devices: CONTURA Multilumen Balloon and SAVI Applicator.
Creator: Kyriacou, Andreas, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Physics
Abstract/Description: A simple method to verify the total treatment time generated by the treatment planning system (TPS) when the CONTURA MLB or the SAVI applicator are used for APBI treatments has been developed. The method compares the time generated by the TPS to a predicted time, calculated by inserting parameters obtained from the TPS in equations generated in this Thesis. The equations were generated by linearly fitting data from clinical cases that had been treated using the Contura MLB or the SAVI...
Show moreA simple method to verify the total treatment time generated by the treatment planning system (TPS) when the CONTURA MLB or the SAVI applicator are used for APBI treatments has been developed. The method compares the time generated by the TPS to a predicted time, calculated by inserting parameters obtained from the TPS in equations generated in this Thesis. The equations were generated by linearly fitting data from clinical cases that had been treated using the Contura MLB or the SAVI applicator at the Lynn Cancer Institute of the Boca Raton Regional Hospital. The parameters used were the PTV coverage, Air Kerma Strength, Balloon Volume (Contura data fit) and Evaluation PTV (SAVI data fit). As an outcome of this research, it is recommended that the plan should be reevaluated when the percent difference between the generated and the predicted times exceeds 5% for the Contura MLB, or 10% for the SAVI.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3332254
Subject Headings: Cancer, Radiotherapy, Breast, Cancer, Radiotherapy, Breast, Cancer, Treatment
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Dosimetric Consequences of the Parotid Glands Using CT-To-CBCT Deformable Registration During IMRT For Late Stage Head And Neck Cancers.
Creator: Conill, Annette L., Selvaraj, Raj, Kalantzis, Georgios, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Physics
Abstract/Description: Patients receiving Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for late stage head and neck (HN) cancer often experience anatomical changes due to weight loss, tumor regression, and positional changes of normal anatomy (1). As a result, the actual dose delivered may vary from the original treatment plan. The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate the dosimetric consequences of the parotid glands during the course of treatment, and (b) to determine if there would be an optimal timeframe...
Show morePatients receiving Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for late stage head and neck (HN) cancer often experience anatomical changes due to weight loss, tumor regression, and positional changes of normal anatomy (1). As a result, the actual dose delivered may vary from the original treatment plan. The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate the dosimetric consequences of the parotid glands during the course of treatment, and (b) to determine if there would be an optimal timeframe for replanning. Nineteen locally advanced HN cancer patients underwent definitive IMRT. Each patient received an initial computerized tomography simulation (CT-SIM) scan and weekly cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans. A Deformable Image Registration (DIR) was performed between the CT-SIM and CBCT of the parotid glands and Planning Target Volumes (PTVs) using the Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS) and the Velocity deformation software. A recalculation of the dose was performed on the weekly CBCTs using the original monitor units. The parameters for evaluation of our method were: the changes in volume of the PTVs and parotid glands, the dose coverage of the PTVs, the lateral displacement in the Center of Mass (COM), the mean dose, and Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) of the parotid glands. The studies showed a reduction of the volume in the PTVs and parotids, a medial displacement in COM, and alterations of the mean dose to the parotid glands as compared to the initial plans. Differences were observed for the dose volume coverage of the PTVs and NTCP of the parotid gland values between the initial plan and our proposed method utilizing deformable registration-based dose calculations.
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Date Issued: 2015
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004491
Subject Headings: Cancer -- Radiation therapy, Head -- Cancer -- Treatment, Medical physics, Neck -- Cancer -- Treatment, Radiation dosimetry
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Anticancer activities of genistein-topotecan combination in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
Creator: Hörmann, Vanessa P., Kumi-Diaka, James, Graduate College
Date Issued: 2011-04-08
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3164543
Subject Headings: Prostate --Cancer --Alternative treatment, Cancer --Chemotherapy, Isoflavones --therapeutic use
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE TRIFECTA: A NOVEL COMBINATORIAL THERAPY SPARES IMMUNE CELLS WHILE INDUCING IMMUNOGENIC CELL DEATH IN HUMAN MAMMARY ADENOCARCINOMA AND MOUSE MAMMARY CARCINOMA.
Creator: Motii, Youssef, Hartmann, James X., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: According to U.S. Breast Cancer Statistics, about 1 in 8 U.S. women will develop invasive breast cancer during their lifetime. Chemotherapeutics that are used on patients currently often lead to tumor resistance, bone marrow suppression and cachexia. This study evaluated a novel combination of three non-mutagenic compounds for their effectiveness against mammary tumor cells, toxicity towards immune cells, ability to provoke the expression of immunogenic cell death (ICD) markers, and killing...
Show moreAccording to U.S. Breast Cancer Statistics, about 1 in 8 U.S. women will develop invasive breast cancer during their lifetime. Chemotherapeutics that are used on patients currently often lead to tumor resistance, bone marrow suppression and cachexia. This study evaluated a novel combination of three non-mutagenic compounds for their effectiveness against mammary tumor cells, toxicity towards immune cells, ability to provoke the expression of immunogenic cell death (ICD) markers, and killing in 3D tumor models. Methotrexate (MTX), 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), and wogonin (WGN) were combined at doses well below their EC50 values yet effectively killed human and mouse breast cancer cells. The combination inhibited cancer cell colony formation and induced a high degree of cell death in multiple malignant tumor cell lines. Importantly, the combination did not significantly inhibit the viability of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), even when employed at 3X the concentration that killed cancer cells. In marked contrast, low-dose doxorubicin, a common therapeutic for breast cancers, significantly decreased PBMC viability and increased the percentage of cell death. Our novel combinatorial therapy (Trifecta) elicited the significant expression of three ICD hallmarks: calreticulin surface expression, ATP secretion, and HMGB-1 release. In all cases, Trifecta elicited an equal or greater degree of ICD-marker expression compared to doxorubicin, a known inducer of ICD. We show significant efficacy of Trifecta against human and mouse mammary 3D tumor models grown in Matrigel® ECM-complex containing culture medium, and reaffirm the marked resistance of tumorspheres towards the conventional chemotherapeutic doxorubicin. The effectiveness of Trifecta in an acceptable surrogate model for mouse studies bodes well for translation of our findings to the clinic. In conclusion, Trifecta has proven highly effective against tumor cells grown either as monolayers or tumorspheres, without significant cytotoxic effects towards proliferating immune cells. Furthermore, treatment with this combination elicits ICD, which has the potential to prime an adaptive immune response against tumor cells and prevent future relapse. The drugs chosen for our combination target metabolic pathways that cancer cells are heavily dependent upon and do not interact with or induce mutations in DNA. These properties place Trifecta at the forefront of developing anticancer therapies.
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Date Issued: 2020
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013606
Subject Headings: Cancer--Treatment, Breast--Cancer, Methotrexate, Deoxyglucose, wogonin
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Evaluation of surface dose outside the treatment area for breast cancer irradiation modalities using thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs).
Creator: Khanal, Suraj P., Ouhib, Zoubir, Leventouri, Theodora, Graduate College
Date Issued: 2013-04-12
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361319
Subject Headings: Thermoluminescence dosimetry, Breast--Cancer--Treatment
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: COMMISSIONING AND ACCEPTANCE TESTING OF A TRUEBEAM LINEAR ACCELERATOR.
Creator: Dumitru, Nicolae, Pella, Silvia, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Physics
Abstract/Description: Due to the difficulty of a complex commissioning technique for a multi energetic, multi-modality linear accelerator, I perform all the commissioning and acceptance testing for a TrueBeam linear accelerator with 4 megavoltage (MV) energies of which 2 are flattening filter-free (FFF) and 6 electron energies varying from 6 MeV to 20 MeV. A 2 dimensional (2D) water tank was used for scanning all the required field sizes for all the energies. The one dimensional (1D) water tank was used to collect...
Show moreDue to the difficulty of a complex commissioning technique for a multi energetic, multi-modality linear accelerator, I perform all the commissioning and acceptance testing for a TrueBeam linear accelerator with 4 megavoltage (MV) energies of which 2 are flattening filter-free (FFF) and 6 electron energies varying from 6 MeV to 20 MeV. A 2 dimensional (2D) water tank was used for scanning all the required field sizes for all the energies. The one dimensional (1D) water tank was used to collect all the output factors for all the photon fields sizes small to medium electron field sizes. For the large electron fields sizes, we had to use the 2D water tank. All the collected data was converted into a file type accepted by the planning system (Eclipse) and subsequently imported there. Treatment plans were generated using multiple forms of planning to verify the viability and quality of the beam data commissioned.
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Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013301
Subject Headings: Linear accelerators, Cancer--Treatment, Radiation dosimetry
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETICS, BIODISTRIBUTION AND DOSIMETRY OF 212Pb (ALPHA-EMITTER) LABELED ANTIBODY VS PEPTIDE VS SMALL MOLECULE.
Creator: Moshiri, Nader Sedeh, Leventouri, Theodora, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Physics, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: With the advent of newly and more reliably designed targeted therapy methods in the past several years, targeted radionuclide therapy has attracted more attentions around the world as a more reliable treatment modality in combination with other well established traditional cancer treatments i.e., external beam radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Alpha particles have a high relative biological effectiveness (RBE) due to their high linear energy transfer (LET). However, to utilize them for...
Show moreWith the advent of newly and more reliably designed targeted therapy methods in the past several years, targeted radionuclide therapy has attracted more attentions around the world as a more reliable treatment modality in combination with other well established traditional cancer treatments i.e., external beam radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Alpha particles have a high relative biological effectiveness (RBE) due to their high linear energy transfer (LET). However, to utilize them for therapeutic purposes, precise human body dosimetry calculation is required. The measurement of their uptake and biodistribution can be quite challenging. Also, due to the complex biology of different types of cells, their shapes and functions, there is not a simple and clear understanding of the mechanism of action that fits all. This study aims to estimate and compare the human organ dosimetry of the alpha emitter, 212Pb, from animal data assuming that it is conjugated with three different types of commonly used targeting nanoparticles. For this purpose, the pre-published animal data of three different radionuclide labeled peptide, antibody, and small molecule carriers were selected and converted to human data. Then a compartmental model was designed for each of them to fit the model to the human data with 212Pb, half-life of 10.64 hours. Once each model reached the desired fit, the area under the curves were extracted then the estimated human organ dosimetry calculations took place via the MIRD scheme. The organ dosimetry results for 212Pb + three different carriers are presented in Tables 14, 17, and 20.
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Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014215
Subject Headings: Cancer--Treatment, Lead-212, Nuclear Medicine
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Inhibition of the Growth and Spread of Human Prostate Cancer.
Creator: Yi, Zoey, Hartmann, James, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Prostate cancer, the most frequent non-skin cancer, is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in males within the United States. Men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer have a 5-year survival rate of approximately 30%. Goals of this study were to produce a combination of compounds that are effective against the disease with minimal side effects on normal cells, especially those of the immune system. This study showed KBU2046 in combination with calcitriol, limit proliferation...
Show moreProstate cancer, the most frequent non-skin cancer, is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in males within the United States. Men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer have a 5-year survival rate of approximately 30%. Goals of this study were to produce a combination of compounds that are effective against the disease with minimal side effects on normal cells, especially those of the immune system. This study showed KBU2046 in combination with calcitriol, limit proliferation, inhibit migration, and are cytotoxic in a testosterone dependent human prostate cancer cell line. Organic compounds, ellagic acid and curcumin were tested alone and in combination with either calcitriol or KBU2046. No combinations were as effective as KBU2046 and calcitriol in inhibiting migration and proliferation of LNCaP cells. The findings of this study support further investigation into therapeutic use of a combination of KBU2046 and calcitriol in prevention and remission of human prostate cancer.
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Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014242
Subject Headings: Prostate--Cancer, Prostate--Cancer--Treatment--Research, Prostate--Cancer--Prevention, Calcitriol
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Efficacy of Combining 3-Bromopyruvate with Fenofibrate in Killing the Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7.
Creator: Graham, Rashean A., Hartmann, James X., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: The goal of our research was to find a cancer treatment that was both effective and cancer specific, sparing immune and normal tissues. We evaluated the efficacy of a combinatorial treatment using the glycolytic inhibitor 3-bromopyruvate and the fatty acid metabolism inhibitor fenofibrate in cancer, immune and normal tissue cells lines. Treatment of the human breast cancer MCF-7 with 3-bromopyruvate and fenofibrate resulted in increased cell death and decreased colony formation. In the immune...
Show moreThe goal of our research was to find a cancer treatment that was both effective and cancer specific, sparing immune and normal tissues. We evaluated the efficacy of a combinatorial treatment using the glycolytic inhibitor 3-bromopyruvate and the fatty acid metabolism inhibitor fenofibrate in cancer, immune and normal tissue cells lines. Treatment of the human breast cancer MCF-7 with 3-bromopyruvate and fenofibrate resulted in increased cell death and decreased colony formation. In the immune cells known as peripheral blood mononuclear cells our combinatorial treatment displayed less toxicity than the traditional chemotherapy doxorubicin. Our combinatorial treatment displayed greater toxicity than doxorubicin towards an established breast cell line MCF- 10A, described in the literature as representing normal breast cells. We have shown for the first time a synergistic relationship between 3-bromopyruvate and fenofibrate.
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Date Issued: 2020
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013556
Subject Headings: Breast--Cancer--Treatment, bromopyruvate, Fenofibrate, MCF-7 Cells
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: TIME-LAPSE FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY TO QUANTIFY THE EFFICACY OF DRUGS AND NON-IONIZING RADIATION AS CANCER THERAPIES.
Creator: Konjalwar, Shalaka, Ranji, Mahsa, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, College of Engineering and Computer Science
Abstract/Description: Significant efforts are being made to understand and treat cancer, though methods are costly, invasive, and detrimental to healthy surrounding tissues. Techniques in optical imaging assess cancer cells’ state in response to treatments. The purpose of this study is to employ non-ionizing radiation as a potential safer therapeutic option and use timelapse fluorescence microscopy to monitor and quantify treatments to lung cancer cells. This thesis (1) measures and visualizes effects of a...
Show moreSignificant efforts are being made to understand and treat cancer, though methods are costly, invasive, and detrimental to healthy surrounding tissues. Techniques in optical imaging assess cancer cells’ state in response to treatments. The purpose of this study is to employ non-ionizing radiation as a potential safer therapeutic option and use timelapse fluorescence microscopy to monitor and quantify treatments to lung cancer cells. This thesis (1) measures and visualizes effects of a combinatory repurposed drug treatment through monitoring cellular metabolic state with time-lapse fluorescence microscopy and (2) develops a non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation system as a possible therapy modality. Results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of a combinatory drug treatment and promising capability of non-ionizing radiation treatment, determined by an increase in fluorescence intensity correlated with metabolic state. In the future, different irradiation doses and drug combinations will be used for additional cancer cell lines, such as prostate and breast cancer.
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Date Issued: 2024
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014406
Subject Headings: Cancer--Treatment, Drugs--Effectiveness, Fluorescence Microscopy, Nonionizing radiation
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Investigation of Mathematical Modeling for the general treatment of Glioblastoma.
Creator: Khatiwada, Dharma Raj, Kalantzis, Georgios, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Physics
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this research is to validate various forms of mathematical modeling of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) expressed as differential equations, numerically. The first work was involved in the numerical solution of the reaction-convection model, efficacy of which is expressed in terms of survival time. It was calculated using simple numerical scheme for the standard-of-care treatment in clinics which includes surgery followed by the radiation and chemotherapy. Survival time using all...
Show moreThe purpose of this research is to validate various forms of mathematical modeling of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) expressed as differential equations, numerically. The first work was involved in the numerical solution of the reaction-convection model, efficacy of which is expressed in terms of survival time. It was calculated using simple numerical scheme for the standard-of-care treatment in clinics which includes surgery followed by the radiation and chemotherapy. Survival time using all treatment options increased significantly to 57 weeks compared to that of surgery close to 14 weeks. It was also observed that survival time increased significantly to 90 weeks if tumor is totally resected. In reaction-diffusion model using simple numerical scheme, tumor cell density patterns due to variation in patient specific tumor parameters such as net proliferation rate and diffusion coefficient were computed. Significant differences were observed in the patterns while using dominant diffusion and proliferation rate separately. Numerical solution of the tumor growth model under the anti-angiogenic therapy revealed some impacts in optimum tumor growth control however it was not significant.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004703
Subject Headings: Antineoplastic agents, Brain -- Cancer -- Treatment, Cancer -- Research, Cytology, Glioblastoma multiforme -- Treatment, Immune system -- Mathematical models, Systems biology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Effects of gene selection and data sampling on prediction of breast cancer treatments.
Creator: Heredia, Brian, Khoshgoftaar, Taghi M., Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Abstract/Description: In recent years more and more researchers have begun to use data mining and machine learning tools to analyze gene microarray data. In this thesis we have collected a selection of datasets revolving around prediction of patient response in the specific area of breast cancer treatment. The datasets collected in this paper are all obtained from gene chips, which have become the industry standard in measurement of gene expression. In this thesis we will discuss the methods and procedures used in...
Show moreIn recent years more and more researchers have begun to use data mining and machine learning tools to analyze gene microarray data. In this thesis we have collected a selection of datasets revolving around prediction of patient response in the specific area of breast cancer treatment. The datasets collected in this paper are all obtained from gene chips, which have become the industry standard in measurement of gene expression. In this thesis we will discuss the methods and procedures used in the studies to analyze the datasets and their effects on treatment prediction with a particular interest in the selection of genes for predicting patient response. We will also analyze the datasets on our own in a uniform manner to determine the validity of these datasets in terms of learning potential and provide strategies for future work which explore how to best identify gene signatures.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004292, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004292
Subject Headings: Antineoplastic agents -- Development, Breast -- Cancer -- Treatment, Cancer -- Genetic aspects, DNA mircroarrays, Estimation theory, Gene expression
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A novel method to evaluate local control of lung cancer in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) treatment using 18f-Fdg positron emission tomography (PET).
Creator: Kathriarachchi, Vindu, Shang, Charles, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Physics
Abstract/Description: An improved method is introduced for prediction of local tumor control following lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET). A normalized background-corrected tumor maximum Standard Uptake Value (SUVcmax) is introduced using the mean uptake of adjacent aorta (SUVref), instead of the maximum uptake of lung tumor (SUVmax). This method minimizes the variations...
Show moreAn improved method is introduced for prediction of local tumor control following lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET). A normalized background-corrected tumor maximum Standard Uptake Value (SUVcmax) is introduced using the mean uptake of adjacent aorta (SUVref), instead of the maximum uptake of lung tumor (SUVmax). This method minimizes the variations associated with SUVmax and objectively demonstrates a strong correlation between the low SUVcmax (< 2.5-3.0) and local control of post lung SBRT. The false positive rates of both SUVmax and SUVcmax increase with inclusion of early (<6 months) PET scans, therefore such inclusion is not recommended for assessing local tumor control of post lung SBRT.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA0004029
Subject Headings: Cancer -- Radiotherapy, Image guided radiation therapy, Lung cancer -- Treatment, Radiopharmaceuticals, Tomography, Emission
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Variations of Pericardial Dose at Different Respiratory Status in Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) Using Cyberknife M6™ Multileaf Collimators (CKMLC).
Creator: Long, Samanthia C., Shang, Charles, Leventouri, Theodora, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Physics
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of the pericardial dose at different respiratory phases and statuses in accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) using Cyberknife M6™ multileaf collimators (CK-MLC). Anonymous 6 female patient files with respiration gated four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) sets, and 6 left breast cancer cases with CT images in free-breathing (FB) and deep inhalation breath-hold (BH) were selected. One CT image set from each patient was...
Show moreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of the pericardial dose at different respiratory phases and statuses in accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) using Cyberknife M6™ multileaf collimators (CK-MLC). Anonymous 6 female patient files with respiration gated four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) sets, and 6 left breast cancer cases with CT images in free-breathing (FB) and deep inhalation breath-hold (BH) were selected. One CT image set from each patient was planned for APBI in Accuray Multiplan™ 5.2, and respectively compared its pericardial dose with those from CT sets of other respiratory phases. All the comparable CT images were fused in the planning system according to the left chest wall, among which the lung gap anterior to the pericardium varies by the lung expansion. For the purpose of this study, the tumor volume was outlined in the media-lower quadrant of the left breast where this lung gap is relatively small. All the plans in this study met the requirements set by the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (NSABP/RTOG), specifically protocol B-39/RTOG 0413. From the comparisons in this investigation, the mean relative pericardial dose of the BH CT group showed significant or 45% (p < 0.01) lower value than that of FB CT group. However, in FB 4DCT group, 3 of 6 cases indicated a meaningful reduction (p < 0.05) in 100% inhalation phase when compared with the mean dose over other phases. The inconsistent pericardial doses were displayed in FB 4DCT group due to minimal changes in the anterior lung gap of the pericardium, when the diaphragmatic breathing was dominant in those patients.
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Date Issued: 2015
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004518, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004518
Subject Headings: Breast--Cancer--Radiotherapy., Breast--Cancer--Treatment., Radiation--Measurement--Methodology., Medical physics.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Anticarcinogenic effects of genistein and anthocyanin extract in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.
Creator: Stinson, Corine M., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: This study investigated potential apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of the phytochemicals, genistein and anthocyanin extract, as single and combined treatments in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cells were exposed to single and combined treatments with the phytochemiclas for 48 and 72 hours. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT bioassay. Apoptosis induction was assessed using acridine orange ethidium bromide and rhodamine 123 ethidium bromide fluorescence assays. Both singe and...
Show moreThis study investigated potential apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of the phytochemicals, genistein and anthocyanin extract, as single and combined treatments in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cells were exposed to single and combined treatments with the phytochemiclas for 48 and 72 hours. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT bioassay. Apoptosis induction was assessed using acridine orange ethidium bromide and rhodamine 123 ethidium bromide fluorescence assays. Both singe and combination treatments induced dose- and time-dependent apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cells. The percentage of apoptosis was higher in combination treatments than single treatments with either phytochemical, although the difference was not statistically significant. The combination of genistein and anthocyanin extract peaked in efficacy at 48 hours of treatment, to exhibit significantly greater (P<. O5) dose- and time-dependent cell cytotoxicity than single treatments. This study reveals potential chemopreventive implications for the complementary effects of genistein and anthocyanin extract.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3320108
Subject Headings: Phytochemicals, Therapeutic use, Phytoestrogens, Physiological effect, Breast, Cancer, Risk factors, Breast, Cancer, Treatment, Probiotics, Cancer, Chemoprevention, Antioxidants, Therapeutic use
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A Study on Reversing the Immunosuppressive Phenotype of Tumor Associated Macrophages.
Creator: Liddle, Genevieve M., Hartmann, James X., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: Extracellular stimuli may influence the M1/M2 phenotypic polarization of macrophages. We examined M1/M2 biomarkers, phagocytic activity, and tumoricidal activity in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Macrophages were treated with conditioned media (CM) from 4T1 breast cancer cells, curcumin, 22-oxacalcitriol, LPS, or a combination of the previously listed. Arginase activity, a M2 phenotypic biomarker, was upregulated by the treatment of macrophages with conditioned media. Curcumin, 22-...
Show moreExtracellular stimuli may influence the M1/M2 phenotypic polarization of macrophages. We examined M1/M2 biomarkers, phagocytic activity, and tumoricidal activity in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Macrophages were treated with conditioned media (CM) from 4T1 breast cancer cells, curcumin, 22-oxacalcitriol, LPS, or a combination of the previously listed. Arginase activity, a M2 phenotypic biomarker, was upregulated by the treatment of macrophages with conditioned media. Curcumin, 22- oxacalcitriol, and LPS partially inhibited RAW 264.7 arginase activity in the presence of 4T1 breast cancer media. 22-oxacalcitriol increased the phagocytic ability of RAW 264.7 macrophages in the presence of M2 polarizing substances produced by the 4T1 breast cancer cells. Also, LPS increased RAW 264.7 phagocytic ability in the presence of 4T1 breast cancer CM. This study looked at the potential substances that would possibly reverse the M2 tumor promoting macrophage phenotype seen in the breast cancer tumor environment.
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Date Issued: 2017
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004867
Subject Headings: Macrophages., Breast--Cancer--Treatment., Tumors--Immunological aspects., Cancer--Immunological aspects., Biological response modifiers., Cancer--Molecular aspects.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Anti-cancer activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum ) extracts in testicular cancer.
Creator: Brown, Jayann Marie, Florida Atlantic University, Kumi-Diaka, James
Abstract/Description: Recent advancement in chemotherapy has resulted in higher and longer survival rates of testicular cancer patients. However the use of chemotherapeutic agents are not without serious, sometimes fatal side effects. This study investigated the potential therapeutic efficacy of pomegranate extracts in testis cancer cells, GC1-spg, in vitro. A battery of assays was used to determine the chemosensitivity of GC1-spg cells to two pomegranate extracts, S (seed) and P (pericarp), in single and...
Show moreRecent advancement in chemotherapy has resulted in higher and longer survival rates of testicular cancer patients. However the use of chemotherapeutic agents are not without serious, sometimes fatal side effects. This study investigated the potential therapeutic efficacy of pomegranate extracts in testis cancer cells, GC1-spg, in vitro. A battery of assays was used to determine the chemosensitivity of GC1-spg cells to two pomegranate extracts, S (seed) and P (pericarp), in single and combination treatments: MTS and LDH to determine post-treatment survival rate (growth inhibition) and cytotoxicity respectively; Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide fluorescent dye to assess treatment-induced apoptosis/necrosis; Annexin V-FITC and TUNEL assays for early and late apoptosis respectively. Results from the obtained data indicated that both extracts have significant cytotoxic effect on testicular cancer cells (GC1-spg) in single and combination treatments. The data revealed a dose and time dependency of chemosensitivity to both extracts; and that apoptosis was the major mechanism treatment-induced cell death. Synergism was also indicated in growth inhibition by combination treatment. These findings offer strong justification for further studies with pomegranate as potential phytotherapy.
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Date Issued: 2004
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13154
Subject Headings: Testis--Cancer--Treatment, Generative organs, Male--Diseases--Treatment, Phytochemicals--Physiological effect, Cancer--Adjuvant treatment, Apoptosis--Molecular aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Therapeutic potential of pomegranate and genistein for human breast cancer.
Creator: Louis Jeune, Marie Adeline, Florida Atlantic University, Kumi-Diaka, James
Abstract/Description: The therapeutic potential of pomegranate and genistein on growth inhibition of human breast cancer cells was investigated. Methods. Cells (MCF-7) were initially cultured for 48 hr to achieve 80% confluence; and then exposed to the agents in single and combination treatments. Post-treatment analysis was done by using a series of bioassays, including LDH, MTS, AcrO-EthBr, Annexin-FITC and TUNEL assays for growth inhibition and apoptosis detection; and Caspase-3 and NQO1 for molecular pathways...
Show moreThe therapeutic potential of pomegranate and genistein on growth inhibition of human breast cancer cells was investigated. Methods. Cells (MCF-7) were initially cultured for 48 hr to achieve 80% confluence; and then exposed to the agents in single and combination treatments. Post-treatment analysis was done by using a series of bioassays, including LDH, MTS, AcrO-EthBr, Annexin-FITC and TUNEL assays for growth inhibition and apoptosis detection; and Caspase-3 and NQO1 for molecular pathways of apoptosis. Results. Pomegranate and genistein showed significant dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic and growth inhibition effects as well as apoptosis induction in MCF-7 cancer cells, with significantly higher ( P < 0.01) effects in the combination treatments than in the single treatments. Both drugs induced apoptosis through a caspase-mediated mechanism and independent of NQO1. Discussion and conclusions. Pomegranate and genistein inhibit the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through induction of apoptosis with combination treatment being more efficacious than single treatments.
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Date Issued: 2004
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13130
Subject Headings: Phytochemicals--Physiological effect, Breast--Cancer--Molecular aspects, Women--Diseases--Alternative treatment, Apoptosis--Molecular aspects, Breast--Cancer--Treatment
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Genistein targets only proliferating but not quiescent cells: Potential therapeutic significance in breast cancer.
Creator: Bodepudi, Sreedevi., Florida Atlantic University, Kumi-Diaka, James
Abstract/Description: Phytochemicals are biologically active secondary plant metabolites that could mimic biological activities. In this study genistein isoflavone, a phytochemical present in soy was investigated to determine its effect on the growth of human breast cancer cell line GI-101 and normal breast epithelial cells in vitro. The cells were exposed to varying concentrations of genistein isoflavone for 24 and 48 hour time periods and the effect was determined using post-treatment assays: MTT and Trypan Blue...
Show morePhytochemicals are biologically active secondary plant metabolites that could mimic biological activities. In this study genistein isoflavone, a phytochemical present in soy was investigated to determine its effect on the growth of human breast cancer cell line GI-101 and normal breast epithelial cells in vitro. The cells were exposed to varying concentrations of genistein isoflavone for 24 and 48 hour time periods and the effect was determined using post-treatment assays: MTT and Trypan Blue for cell viability; LDH assay for cytotoxicity; Rhodamine 123/Propidium Iodide and Ethidium Bromide/Acridine Orange assays for treatment-induced apoptosis and FAM Poly caspase assay for mechanism of action. The overall results revealed that genistein inhibited cell growth and proliferation through apoptosis in the cells in both time and dose-dependent manner. Normal breast epithelial cells were not significantly affected by genistein at the corresponding dosages. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that genistein isoflavone could offer therapeutic efficacy in human breast carcinoma without significantly affecting the normal breast epithelial cells.
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Date Issued: 2006
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13315
Subject Headings: Phytochemicals--Physiological effect, Breast--Cancer--Molecular aspects, Women--Diseases--Alternative treatment, Breast--Cancer--Treatment, Apoptosis--Molecular aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Empirical beam angle optimization for lung cancer intensity modulated radiation therapy.
Creator: Doozan, Brian, Pella, Silvia, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Physics
Abstract/Description: Empirical methods of beam angle optimization (BAO) are tested against the BAO that is currently employed in Eclipse treatment planning software. Creating an improved BAO can decrease the amount of time a dosimetrist spends on making a treatment plan, improve the treatment quality and enhance the tools an inexperienced dosimetrist can use to develop planning techniques. Using empirical data created by experienced dosimetrists from 69 patients treated for lung cancer, the most frequently used...
Show moreEmpirical methods of beam angle optimization (BAO) are tested against the BAO that is currently employed in Eclipse treatment planning software. Creating an improved BAO can decrease the amount of time a dosimetrist spends on making a treatment plan, improve the treatment quality and enhance the tools an inexperienced dosimetrist can use to develop planning techniques. Using empirical data created by experienced dosimetrists from 69 patients treated for lung cancer, the most frequently used gantry angles were applied to four different regions in each lung to gather an optimal set of fields that could be used to treat future lung cancer patients. This method, given the moniker FAU BAO, is compared in 7 plans created with the Eclipse BAO choosing 5 fields and 9 fields. The results show that the conformality index improved by 30% or 3% when using the 5 and 9 fields. The conformation number was better by 12% from the 5 fields and 9% from the 9 fields. The organs at risk (OAR) were overall more protected to produce fewer nonstochastic effects from the radiation treatment with the FAU BAO.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004280, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004280
Subject Headings: Cancer -- Radiotherapy, Image guided radiation therapy, Lung cancer -- Treatment, Medical physics, Medical radiology -- Data processing, Medicine -- Mathematical models
Format: Document (PDF)

FAU Theses and Dissertations (34)	+ -
FAU Graduate Student Research (2)	+ -

Breast--Cancer--Treatment (6)	+ -
Apoptosis--Molecular aspects (5)	+ -
Image guided radiation therapy (5)	+ -
Lung cancer -- Treatment (5)	+ -
Medical physics (5)	+ -

Phytochemicals--Physiological effect (5)	+ -
Cancer (4)	+ -
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Breast--Cancer--Treatment. (3)	+ -
Cancer -- Radiotherapy (3)	+ -
Monte Carlo method (3)	+ -
Physiological effect (3)	+ -
Phytochemicals (3)	+ -
Adjuvant treatment (2)	+ -
Antioxidants (2)	+ -
Apoptosis (2)	+ -
Apoptosis -- Molecular aspects (2)	+ -
Artificial intelligence -- Medical applications (2)	+ -
Breast (2)	+ -
Breast--Cancer--Molecular aspects (2)	+ -
Cancer--Molecular aspects. (2)	+ -
Cellular signal transduction (2)	+ -
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Phytochemicals -- Physiological effect (2)	+ -
Phytochemicals -- Therapeutic use (2)	+ -
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Electronic Thesis or Dissertation (34)	+ -
abstract (2)	+ -

Florida Atlantic University (29)	+ -
Charles E. Schmidt College of Science (27)	+ -
Department of Physics (16)	+ -
Department of Biological Sciences (11)	+ -
Kumi-Diaka, James (9)	+ -

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