View All Items

Title: ATTITUDE-BEHAVIOR CORRESPONDENCE AS A FUNCTION OF SELF-MONITORING AND SITUATIONAL CONSTRAINT.
Creator: MASSEY, RENELLE FAE, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: This thesis investigated situational and personality moderating variables' interaction in determining attitude-behavior correspondence. Experimental participants completed the Self-Monitoring Scale and an index measuring attitude favorability towards affirmative action. High and low self-monitors then rendered verdicts (the behavioral measure) on a mock affirmative action lawsuit after being given one of three situational expectations: 1) discussion with a pro-affirmative action partner; 2)...
Show moreThis thesis investigated situational and personality moderating variables' interaction in determining attitude-behavior correspondence. Experimental participants completed the Self-Monitoring Scale and an index measuring attitude favorability towards affirmative action. High and low self-monitors then rendered verdicts (the behavioral measure) on a mock affirmative action lawsuit after being given one of three situational expectations: 1) discussion with a pro-affirmative action partner; 2) discussion with an anti-affirmative action partner; or 3) no discussion. Participants expecting no discussion had significantly greater attitude-behavior correlations than those expecting a discussion. Attitude-behavior correlations did not vary as a function of self-monitoring, the personal moderating variable. Correlations were not determined by expectation and self-monitoring interactions. Behavior was not correlated with participants' perceptions of their partner. The results' research and theoretical implications were discussed in terms of situational constraint, predicting behavior in constraining situations, and an interaction approach to predicting attitude-behavior relationships.
Show less
Date Issued: 1984
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14218
Subject Headings: Attitude (Psychology), Behavioral assessment
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Risk factors in peer victimization: Concurrent and longitudinal findings.
Creator: Hodges, Ernest Van Every, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This dissertation involved two studies The first evaluated the hypothesis that the behavior problems which place children at risk for victimization by peers are likely to lead to victimization primarily when children are also at "social risk" for victimization. Social risk was defined as lacking supportive friends or as being rejected by the peer group. Subjects were 229 boys and girls in the third through seventh grades (M age = 11.2 years). Sociometric and peer nomination instruments were...
Show moreThis dissertation involved two studies The first evaluated the hypothesis that the behavior problems which place children at risk for victimization by peers are likely to lead to victimization primarily when children are also at "social risk" for victimization. Social risk was defined as lacking supportive friends or as being rejected by the peer group. Subjects were 229 boys and girls in the third through seventh grades (M age = 11.2 years). Sociometric and peer nomination instruments were used to measure behavior problems, friendship variables, peer rejection, and victimization. As predicted, behavior problems (internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and physical weakness) related more strongly to victimization when children had few friends, had friends who were incapable of fulfilling a protective function (e.g., were physically weak), or were rejected by peers than when children had more friends, had friends capable of defending them, or were better liked by peers. Results support the theory that social risk conditions invite and permit abuse of vulnerable children. Study 2 was a one-year longitudinal investigation designed to evaluate whether the behavioral and social problems that characterize victimized children are antecedents of victimization, consequences of victimization, or both. To examine these issues, 173 children from Study 1 were assessed one year later on the same variables that were measured in Study 1. Results provide information about both the antecedents and the outcomes of victimization.
Show less
Date Issued: 1996
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12469
Subject Headings: Psychology, Behavioral, Psychology, Social, Psychology, Developmental
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The effects of dispositional perspective taking, cognitive busyness, and situational information on retaliative aggression: An attributional interpretation.
Creator: Jones, Charles Eric, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Previous research has concluded that individuals high in perspective taking respond less aggressively to provocation than do those low in perspective taking. Whether the perspective-taking effect is automatic or not and many other process-related questions remain largely unanswered. One hundred sixteen female college students participated in a competitive reaction-time task, received escalatory negative feedback purportedly from another participant. In addition to being categorized as either...
Show morePrevious research has concluded that individuals high in perspective taking respond less aggressively to provocation than do those low in perspective taking. Whether the perspective-taking effect is automatic or not and many other process-related questions remain largely unanswered. One hundred sixteen female college students participated in a competitive reaction-time task, received escalatory negative feedback purportedly from another participant. In addition to being categorized as either high or low perspective takers, participants also received either high or low levels of situational information about the other and high or low levels of cognitive busyness. Participants high in perspective taking who were under high cognitive load responded significantly less aggressively than did participants low in perspective taking. Results suggest that perspective taking is an automatic process. The findings are discussed in terms of attribution theory, complexity-extremity theory, and in terms of an arousal-dominant response model.
Show less
Date Issued: 2000
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12657
Subject Headings: Psychology, Behavioral, Psychology, Social, Psychology, Experimental
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE EFFECTS OF SITUATIONAL CONSTRAINT AND SELF-SELECTION ON THE CROSS-SITUATIONAL CONSISTENCY OF BEHAVIOR.
Creator: WALKER, JACK B., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Many psychologists have promoted the use of personality traits and other dispositional constructs for the prediction of human behavior. However, other psychologists have concluded that individuals do not exhibit sufficient cross-situational consistency in their behavior to warrant the use of dispositional measures as predictors of behavior (e.g., Mischel, 1968; Nisbett, 1980). The present research was designed to demonstrate that cross-situational consistency correlation coefficients may be...
Show moreMany psychologists have promoted the use of personality traits and other dispositional constructs for the prediction of human behavior. However, other psychologists have concluded that individuals do not exhibit sufficient cross-situational consistency in their behavior to warrant the use of dispositional measures as predictors of behavior (e.g., Mischel, 1968; Nisbett, 1980). The present research was designed to demonstrate that cross-situational consistency correlation coefficients may be inadequate indicators of the utility of dispositional constructs. In particular, it was proposed that a consideration of the situational constraint present within a situation and the degree of the opportunity to self-select into a situation are important factors which aid in the specification of when personality traits can and cannot be used successfully to predict human behavior.
Show less
Date Issued: 1986
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14344
Subject Headings: Personality, Human behavior, Prediction (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE EFFECT OF AMPHETAMINE ON FREE OPERANT AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR IN THE RAT.
Creator: MOLINA, ENRIQUE JUAN, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Parametric manipulation of Sidman avoidance produced different kinds of performances in subjects, which were tested while under amphetamine treatment. The results were found to be incompatible with the principles of the stimulus control theory of Weiss and Laties as well as other general and particular explanations of the drug's effect. An explanation was suggested in terms of general arousal and individual differences.
Date Issued: 1975
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13757
Subject Headings: Amphetamines, Avoidance (Psychology), Operant behavior
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: REPEATEDLY PROCESSING ATTRIBUTES OF PRODUCTS IMPACTS PURCHASING PERFORMANCE: AN FNIRS STUDY.
Creator: Chan, Jasmine Y., Wilcox, Teresa G., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Few experiments have examined the effects of attribute processing on purchase intentions. This experiment predicts a function of the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) is to process brand-name products for their attributes. Hemodynamic response was measured in bilateral PFC from 48 participants during a study task, where participants processed brand-name products using various attribute processing types (once using one attribute, twice using the same attribute, and twice using two different...
Show moreFew experiments have examined the effects of attribute processing on purchase intentions. This experiment predicts a function of the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) is to process brand-name products for their attributes. Hemodynamic response was measured in bilateral PFC from 48 participants during a study task, where participants processed brand-name products using various attribute processing types (once using one attribute, twice using the same attribute, and twice using two different attributes), and during a purchase intention test, where participants chose to purchase novel or previously processed brand-name products. Analysis of variance compared differences in hemodynamic response as a function of cortical structure, Type of Processing, and task. Results demonstrated repetition suppression in the left PFC for brand-name products that were previously processed for multiple attributes. Findings suggest processing different attributes of the same brand-name product bias purchase intentions, where participants were more likely to purchase brand-name products processed for multiple attributes.
Show less
Date Issued: 2021
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013674
Subject Headings: Consumers--Psychology, Consumer behavior
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Narcissism Admiration and Rivalry Using Situation Research.
Creator: Ramos, Jamie Zahava, Sherman, Ryne A., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Narcissism is a multidimensional construct consisting of many components and a variety of conceptualizations. One such example is the NARC conceptualization of grandiose narcissism and its two subcomponents admiration and rivalry. This research aims to answer three questions about the NARC conceptualization: (1) what is the relationship between narcissism and Big Six Personality dimensions?; (2) what is the relationship between narcissism and observable behavior?; and (3) how does narcissism...
Show moreNarcissism is a multidimensional construct consisting of many components and a variety of conceptualizations. One such example is the NARC conceptualization of grandiose narcissism and its two subcomponents admiration and rivalry. This research aims to answer three questions about the NARC conceptualization: (1) what is the relationship between narcissism and Big Six Personality dimensions?; (2) what is the relationship between narcissism and observable behavior?; and (3) how does narcissism relate to situational experiences in daily life? Results showed that, consistent with previous research, narcissism was related to Big Six personality. Additionally, narcissism was related to observable behavior. Finally, the results also showed a relationship between narcissism and every day experience (i.e., situation experiences and state expressions of personality). Most critically, the pattern of results suggests that although admiration and rivalry are related subcomponents of narcissism, they are quite distinct in terms of their personality and behavioral correlates.
Show less
Date Issued: 2017
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004855
Subject Headings: Narcissism--Psychology., Human behavior., Typology (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Linking dynamic social impact theory to social representation theory: The emergence of social representations of aggression through electronic communication.
Creator: Walker, Samantha, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Social representations consist of beliefs, values and norms that influence thought and behavior. Moscovici's Social Representation Theory provides an explanation for how social representations are formed, mutate, and survive, while Dynamic Social Impact Theory provides a framework by which to examine the emergence of macro-social phenomena from everyday communication (i.e., clustering, consolidation and continued diversity). Previous research has not examined, but has assumed, the processes...
Show moreSocial representations consist of beliefs, values and norms that influence thought and behavior. Moscovici's Social Representation Theory provides an explanation for how social representations are formed, mutate, and survive, while Dynamic Social Impact Theory provides a framework by which to examine the emergence of macro-social phenomena from everyday communication (i.e., clustering, consolidation and continued diversity). Previous research has not examined, but has assumed, the processes by which social representations of aggression develop. The purpose of the present study was to examine social representations (SRs) of direct and indirect aggression and the process by which SRs emerge from interpersonal communication. Specifically, participants were randomly assigned to fixed addresses in an electronic social space and communicated with four of their nearest neighbors, for four weeks about direct and indirect verbal aggression. In the present study, most people agreed about the aggressiveness of direct responses whereas judgments about indirect responses were relatively varied.
Show less
Date Issued: 1999
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12621
Subject Headings: Psychology, Behavioral, Psychology, Social, Speech Communication
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Behavioral contingencies, not pharmacological exposure, determine the development, loss and retention of tolerance to amphetamine hypophagia.
Creator: Hughes, Katherine M., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether behavioral contingencies or pharmacological exposure governs the development, loss and retention of tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia in rats. In Experiment 1, rats that had developed tolerance by learning to suppress stereotypy that interfered with feeding from a bottle were divided into three groups to test the retention of tolerance. The Before group received injections of amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg) before access to milk, the After...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to determine whether behavioral contingencies or pharmacological exposure governs the development, loss and retention of tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia in rats. In Experiment 1, rats that had developed tolerance by learning to suppress stereotypy that interfered with feeding from a bottle were divided into three groups to test the retention of tolerance. The Before group received injections of amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg) before access to milk, the After group received injections of amphetamine after access to milk, and the Saline group received injections of saline before access to milk. Both the After and Saline groups lost tolerance when later tested with amphetamine before milk tests. Thus, the loss of tolerance was not a function of drug withdrawal, because drug exposure remained constant in the After group. When milk reward was obtained noncontingently, tolerance was lost even though pharmacological exposure was maintained. Behavioral strategies that were learned while intoxicated were replaced with new learning when the contingencies were changed. Experiment 2 determined that tolerance loss was a function of new learning and not simply ingesting milk in the unintoxicated state. Bottle-fed tolerant rats were given amphetamine prior to intraoral feeding of milk during a retention interval. Subsequent testing with amphetamine in the bottle condition revealed that tolerance was lost. Because the cannula feeding condition does not require suppression of stereotypy, milk reward was available noncontingently in the intoxicated state and tolerance was lost even though drug exposure was maintained. In Experiment 3 rats were given chronic amphetamine injections and intraoral feeding. Subsequent tests with amphetamine and bottle feeding revealed that no tolerance developed. These results demonstrate that even when ingestion occurs in the intoxicated state, no tolerance develops if milk reward is available noncontingently. Animals that drank intraorally were not tolerant when tested in the bottle condition.
Show less
Date Issued: 2000
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12659
Subject Headings: Psychology, Psychobiology, Psychology, Behavioral, Health Sciences, Pharmacology, Psychology, Experimental
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE EFFECT OF NEGATIVE INFORMATION ON PURCHASE REJECTION: AN fNIRS STUDY.
Creator: Caudle, Megan, Barnhardt, Terrance, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: The goal of this study is to determine how negative information affects purchasing decisions and what neurological processes are included in these purchasing decisions. Specifically, this study aims to explore the effect of consumers receiving the same negative attribute twice versus two different negative attributes for a product. The introduction of this study will discuss background concepts like the Controlled Semantic Cognition Framework from Lambon Ralph et al., (2017) and the neural...
Show moreThe goal of this study is to determine how negative information affects purchasing decisions and what neurological processes are included in these purchasing decisions. Specifically, this study aims to explore the effect of consumers receiving the same negative attribute twice versus two different negative attributes for a product. The introduction of this study will discuss background concepts like the Controlled Semantic Cognition Framework from Lambon Ralph et al., (2017) and the neural processes behind selection as discussed in Thompson-Schill et al., (1997). The results indicated that there were differences in hemodynamic response between conditions where the same negative attribute was presented with a product twice versus conditions where two different negative attributes were presented with a product. Both behaviorally and hemodynamically, the results provide evidence supporting an inner conflict when dealing with two negative alternative choices. Future research could include realistic advertisements to better mimic everyday scenarios.
Show less
Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014232
Subject Headings: Consumer behavior, Consumer behavior--Psychological aspects, Semantic memory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF POSITIVELY EVALUATIVE ATTRIBUTES ON PURCHASING DECISIONS.
Creator: Temples, Chelsea L., Barnhardt, Terrence M., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: This experiment evaluated the effect of positively evaluative attributes on purchasing decisions by manipulating the Type of Repetition from a study phase to a test phase. Behavioral data and hemodynamic responses were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in 38 participants during a study task, where brand-name products and product specific attributes were processed, and during a test phase, where participants chose to purchase either new or previously processed...
Show moreThis experiment evaluated the effect of positively evaluative attributes on purchasing decisions by manipulating the Type of Repetition from a study phase to a test phase. Behavioral data and hemodynamic responses were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in 38 participants during a study task, where brand-name products and product specific attributes were processed, and during a test phase, where participants chose to purchase either new or previously processed products that were presented with either the same attribute, a different attribute, or no attribute. Results at test showed that repeating the association produced the highest accuracy in selecting the previously processed product and the highest hemodynamic activation. In contrast, presenting a different attribute at test produced the lowest accuracy and least hemodynamic activation, much like baseline. This hemodynamic difference between the same and different conditions was especially prevalent in the left hemisphere during the later time windows. These findings suggest that repeating the association biases purchase intention and produces hemodynamic repetition enhancement. In contrast, changing the association leads to interference and reduced selection of the processed product.
Show less
Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014238
Subject Headings: Consumer behavior, Consumer behavior--Psychological aspects, Semantic memory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE INTRINSIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEVER PRESSING BEHAVIOR AND FOOD REINFORCEMENT IN RATS.
Creator: CHANCE, CATHY A., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: To determine whether or not lever pressing is intrinsically related to food gathering in rats, five adult male white rats were subjected to one week of DRO training, followed by 42 sessions of fixed time and four no food extinction sessions. They were subsequently given the opportunity to autoshape the lever press response for food. During fixed time, a stable pattern of terminal and interim responses developed, which was disrupted by the extinction trials. Lever pressing occurred as an...
Show moreTo determine whether or not lever pressing is intrinsically related to food gathering in rats, five adult male white rats were subjected to one week of DRO training, followed by 42 sessions of fixed time and four no food extinction sessions. They were subsequently given the opportunity to autoshape the lever press response for food. During fixed time, a stable pattern of terminal and interim responses developed, which was disrupted by the extinction trials. Lever pressing occurred as an interim response. Even after extensive response-independent reinforcement, four of the five animals autoshaped in a single 30 min session, with the remaining animal autoshaping by the third session. It is suggested that lever pressing is indeed a prepared response in rats in a food gathering situation and further, that it is part of a chain of responses that begins with a forepaw manipulatory behavior and terminates with the consumption of the pellet.
Show less
Date Issued: 1981
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14060
Subject Headings: Rats--Psychology, Rats--Behavior
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: PURCHASE INTENTION AFTER EXPOSURE TO SAME VERSUS DIFFERENT ATTRIBUTES OF BRAND-NAME PRODUCTS: AN FNIRS STUDY.
Creator: Chan, Jasmine Y., Wilcox, Teresa G., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: When viewing advertisements, one could be exposed to new information about the product. During that time, one could construct ad hoc categories or simple attributes for the brand-name product. The current experiment used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure bilateral frontal and temporal cortices to understand the contribution of constructing ad hoc categories and simple attributes on purchase intentions. The current experiment also examined the feasibility of using the...
Show moreWhen viewing advertisements, one could be exposed to new information about the product. During that time, one could construct ad hoc categories or simple attributes for the brand-name product. The current experiment used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure bilateral frontal and temporal cortices to understand the contribution of constructing ad hoc categories and simple attributes on purchase intentions. The current experiment also examined the feasibility of using the tensor decomposition method compared to the grand averaging method in multidimensional fNIRS signal analysis. This is to see if tensor decomposition can maintain the pattern of hemodynamic response without losing the temporal dynamics and spatial array to find a more optimized time and regions of interest to average across. The current experiments consisted of two parts: 1) participants studied brand-name products for various ad hoc categories (Experiment 1) or various simple attributes (Experiment 2) and 2) pick for purchase brand-name products in a two-alternative forced choice purchase intention test. Three methods were used to analyze the hemodynamic response data: the grand averaging method, the tensor decomposition method, and the revised grand averaging method. The revised grand averaging method is the same as the grand averaging method but uses information from the tensor decomposition method to inform what time and channel to average across. There were behavioral priming benefits compared to products that were not studied. However, there were no differences across the study conditions. Results revealed processing benefits, not purchasing benefits, for brand-name products studied for different simple attributes as marked by changes in the left prefrontal cortex. The results from tensor decomposition revealed more details on the time and channels of interest than the grand averaging method. Findings suggest that studying different simple attributes of a brand-name product produces benefits in the purchase intention process. Also, findings suggest tensor decomposition is a feasible method for fNIRS signal analysis.
Show less
Date Issued: 2024
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014392
Subject Headings: Consumer behavior, Psychology, Experimental, Near infrared spectroscopy
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Mate value and partner-directed insults.
Creator: Miner, Emily J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: To prevent a partner's infidelity and relationship defection, men perform mate retention behaviors. Some of these mate retention behaviors are high-risk because they decrease the likelihood of infidelity while potentially increasing the likelihood of relationship defection. Although previous research has indicated that mate value may be related to mate retention generally, research has not addressed these cost-inflicting mate retention behaviors specifically. The current research examines the...
Show moreTo prevent a partner's infidelity and relationship defection, men perform mate retention behaviors. Some of these mate retention behaviors are high-risk because they decrease the likelihood of infidelity while potentially increasing the likelihood of relationship defection. Although previous research has indicated that mate value may be related to mate retention generally, research has not addressed these cost-inflicting mate retention behaviors specifically. The current research examines the relationship between men's and women's mate values and men's use of partner-directed insults - a specific type of cost-inflicting mate retention behavior. The results from a sample of 158 women indicate that although men's and women's mate values predict men's partner-directed insults, men's mate value is a better predictor than is women's mate value. Women who report that their partners have lower mate value also report that their partners insult them more frequently than women who report that their partners have higher mate value.
Show less
Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/210495
Subject Headings: Behaviorism (Psychology), Social aspects, Man-woman relationships, Commitment (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE INTERPLAY OF DOMINANCE, POWER, AND PROSOCIALITY IN INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS.
Creator: Gilad, Corinne, Maniaci, Michael, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The current studies examined the interplay of dominance and power in their effects on various forms of prosociality, along with potential mechanisms that may account for their differential effects. Study 1 found that dominance and power had opposing effects on general prosocial tendencies, with dominance negatively relating to and power positively relating to general prosociality. Study 2 found the negative effects of dominance to be consistent both for general and relationship-specific...
Show moreThe current studies examined the interplay of dominance and power in their effects on various forms of prosociality, along with potential mechanisms that may account for their differential effects. Study 1 found that dominance and power had opposing effects on general prosocial tendencies, with dominance negatively relating to and power positively relating to general prosociality. Study 2 found the negative effects of dominance to be consistent both for general and relationship-specific prosociality. The effects of power were not replicated for the outcomes shared with Study 1, but other positive associations were found between power and prosocial propensities. Indirect effects in studies 1 and 2 supported the potential mediating role of other focus in explaining the differential effects of dominance and power. Study 3 utilized an experimental design to directly examine the potential mediating role of other-focus, by manipulating independent versus interdependent self-construals. Significant interactions between power and condition supported the notion that power positively affects prosociality by increasing other-focus. In the interdependent condition, power significantly predicted perspective-taking, whereas in the independent condition, the effect of power on perspective-taking was not significant. Study 4 involved collecting dyadic data from romantic partners, but did not find any significant partner effects. In line with the other studies, dominance was negatively associated with self-reported supportive tendencies as well as self-reported perceptions of a partner’s supportive behaviors.
Show less
Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013312
Subject Headings: Interpersonal relationships, Dominance (Psychology), Power (Psychology), Social Behavior
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Approach, A voidance, and the Mouse Paradigm: An Examination of Wording and Relationships with Other Hedonic Constructs.
Creator: Saigal, Elizabeth Anne, Florida Atlantic University, Monson, Thomas C., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The two principal areas of research addressed by this study were: a) further validation of Nowak and Vallacher's mouse paradigm, and b) comparison of literatures all theoretically derived from principles of hedonics. Validation of the mouse paradigm included examination of the instructional set and detection of individual differences in various hedonically derived measures of personality. The mouse instructions were framed in terms of approach ('less good ' versus ' more good') or in terms of...
Show moreThe two principal areas of research addressed by this study were: a) further validation of Nowak and Vallacher's mouse paradigm, and b) comparison of literatures all theoretically derived from principles of hedonics. Validation of the mouse paradigm included examination of the instructional set and detection of individual differences in various hedonically derived measures of personality. The mouse instructions were framed in terms of approach ('less good ' versus ' more good') or in terms of avoidance (' more bad' versus ' less bad ' ). Inclusion of inventories based on the principles of approach and avoidance allowed for examination of convergent and discriminant validity. The mouse procedure was able to differentiate self-esteem, self-stability, introversion/extraversion, neuroticism/emotional stability, and Strelau's Pavlovian mobility. Depending on the prime used, some differentiation was also seen with measures of attachment. Differentiation was not found with the mouse procedure for Strelau's Pavlovian measures of strength of excitation and strength of inhibition. Two factor analyses of the questionnaires used gave rise to conceptually positive and negative components. The positive component was related to self-esteem, self-stability, extraversion, strength of excitation, strength of inhibition, mobility, and inversely related to anxiety and neuroticism. The negative component positively loaded on neuroticism, avoidance, dismissing attachment, and fearful attachment, and negatively loaded on selfesteem, self-stability, and secure attachment. These components were compared with Vallacher and Nowak's hedonically based mouse paradigm measures. They were consistently found to correlate with distance under the approach prime and variability in distance under the avoidance prime. This suggests that individuals who score highly on conceptually positive constructs (approach temperaments) have more stable absolute attitudes whereas individuals who score higher on conceptually negative constructs (avoidance temperaments) have greater variability in attitude. The approach instructions initially gave rise to lower evaluation, more variability, and less time at rest than the avoidance instructions. This trend was reflected in the increase in correlations over time under the positive hedonic condition and a decrease in correlations with time under the negative hedonic condition. These results suggest a suppression effect with negative framing.
Show less
Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000876
Subject Headings: Social psychology, Intimacy (Psychology), Attachment behavior, Object relations (Psychoanalysis)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Relationship experience as a predictor of romantic jealousy.
Creator: Murphy, Samantha M., Vallacher, Robin R., Shackelford, Todd K., Bjorklund, David F., Yunger, Jennifer L.
Date Issued: 2006
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/2796383
Subject Headings: Evolutionary psychology., Sexual Behavior --psychology., Jealousy --Social aspects., Man-woman relationships --Psychological aspects.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A study to compare the critical thinking dispositions between Chinese and American college students.
Creator: Dennett, Susan K., Bryan, Valerie, Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Educational Leadership and Research Methodology
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this quantitative research study was to compare Chinese and American students’ inclined level of critical thinking using the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) (Insight Assessment, 2013). The literature of Paul and Elder (1996, 2000, 2005, 2010), Facione and Facione (1992, 1996) and Brookfield (2005, 2010, 2013) and the conceptual framework in this study provided the foundation for the main research question of whether there are differences between...
Show moreThe purpose of this quantitative research study was to compare Chinese and American students’ inclined level of critical thinking using the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) (Insight Assessment, 2013). The literature of Paul and Elder (1996, 2000, 2005, 2010), Facione and Facione (1992, 1996) and Brookfield (2005, 2010, 2013) and the conceptual framework in this study provided the foundation for the main research question of whether there are differences between Chinese and American students’ scores on the seven individual scales and their total score on the CCTDI. The Sample included 41 Chinese and 50 American undergraduate and graduate students at Florida Atlantic University, a regional research university located in southeast Florida. Independent t-tests concluded that there were no differences between the 41 Chinese students and the 50 American students regarding their critical thinking dispositions on each of seven scales on the CCTDI. A factorial analysis of variance measured moderator questions to determine whether there was a difference between Chinese and American students’ CCTDI scores based on student gender, discipline of study, undergraduate or graduate status, or enrollment as an undergraduate within the United States. There were significant differences between the critical thinking dispositions of Chinese and American undergraduate and graduate students when comparing the scale of open mindedness and gender. There were also significant differences for the scale of confidence in reasoning and discipline. For the remaining questions, there were no significant differences. A Pearson’s correlation determined that there was no relationship between the length of time students had been in the United States and their scores on the CCTDI. Educational implications include that when problem-solving skills are developed in the college setting, critical thinking can be cultivated to help prepare students for work in future employment settings. Social implications include the use of critical thinking when faced with decision making in adults’ lives, as well as in their daily work. This study may be the foundation for future studies. Finally, educators may find the CCTDI helpful in positioning students’ critical thinking dispositions prior to learning or training activities.
Show less
Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004100, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004100
Subject Headings: Behaviorism (Psychology), Critical thinking, Learning, Psychology of, Reasoning (Psychology), Thought and thinking
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The development of anonymous giving in relation to ownership understanding, theory of mind, empathy, and differences in relatedness.
Creator: Machluf, Karin, Bjorklund, David F., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Prosocial behavior can be defined as any behavior that an individual engages in to benefit another (Eisenberg, Fabes, & Spinrad, 2006). Prosociality is not one homogenous trait, however, but is made up of three specific types of behavior: helping, cooperating, and sharing (or, more accurately, donating) (Tomasello, 2009). Although helping and cooperating are important to understanding prosocial development, giving behaviors might be particularly informative when trying to understand...
Show moreProsocial behavior can be defined as any behavior that an individual engages in to benefit another (Eisenberg, Fabes, & Spinrad, 2006). Prosociality is not one homogenous trait, however, but is made up of three specific types of behavior: helping, cooperating, and sharing (or, more accurately, donating) (Tomasello, 2009). Although helping and cooperating are important to understanding prosocial development, giving behaviors might be particularly informative when trying to understand prosociality in young children as it poses a distinct problem for younger children (Tomasello, 1998). Research on proximate causes of prosocial behavior state that these behaviors are influenced by emotions of empathy (Batson, 1991), theory of mind, or understanding of social norms of ownership (Blake & Rand, 2010). Research on more ultimate causes of prosociality suggest that these behaviors evolved due to mechanisms or kin selection (Hamilton, 1964) and inclusive fitness (Trivers, 1971), and is evident by the effect of social category and relatedness on donations in resource- allocation games (Gummerum et al., 2009). Research with children using resource- allocations games, such as the dictator game, are sparse, but typically find that children donate more as they get older, and that out-group receive fewer allocations than in-group members (Moore, 2009). This research also highlight the importance of anonymity and its effect on prosociality. When tested using an anonymous design, children donate less and some children don’t donate at all (Benenson et al., 2007). Using an anonymous dictator game, children’s giving behaviors were examined across in- group, out-group, and family members. Thirty-five children (12 3-year-olds (7 male), 13 4-year-olds (8 male), and 10 5-year-olds (7 male) completed the experiment. Each child participated in each condition, as well as measures of theory of mind and ownership understanding. Children’s empathy scores were attained from a parent questionnaire regarding children’s empathic behaviors. Results revealed that some children did not donate any stickers at all; seven in total, and that these children differed significantly from those that gave on measures of empathy. Of those that donated, 3-year-old children donated significantly more than 5-year-old children (F(1,3) =3.64, p < .05). This is contrary to previous findings which find that giving increases across age., The was no main effect for Recipient, and no significant interaction between Age and Recipient. Five-year-olds scored significantly higher on measures of ownership understanding (F(2, 25) = 4.36, p< .05), suggesting that understanding of social norms of ownership may be partially responsible for their decrease in overall giving.
Show less
Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004213
Subject Headings: Altruism, Analysis (Philosophy), Ego (Psychology), Helping behavior, Identity (Philosophical concept), Motivation (Psychology), Social psychology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Maintaining self-intergrity through superstitious behavior.
Creator: Moyer, Ryan M., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Superstitious behavior is still a common occurrence in modern society, seemingly impervious to intellectual progress that humans have made throughout history. While the desire to maintain a sense of control over one's environment has been investigated as one of the key motivations behind superstitious behavior, it has yet to be examined within the context of the self-concept. Threats to one's sense of control can also be construed as general threats to one's global sense of self-worth....
Show moreSuperstitious behavior is still a common occurrence in modern society, seemingly impervious to intellectual progress that humans have made throughout history. While the desire to maintain a sense of control over one's environment has been investigated as one of the key motivations behind superstitious behavior, it has yet to be examined within the context of the self-concept. Threats to one's sense of control can also be construed as general threats to one's global sense of self-worth. Consequently, while superstitious behavior may be triggered by control threats, it may also occur as a result of any general threat to self-integrity. Moreover, if superstitious behavior is motivated by the desire to maintain overall self-integrity, then depriving individuals of a chance to engage in superstitious behavior should elicit subsequent attempts to repair self-integrity via alternative means. Three studies were conducted in order to establish this link between self functioning and superstitious behavior. Studies 1a and 1b did not find any evidence that manipulating the self-concept prior to an event designed to evoke superstition would increase the desire to engage in superstitious behavior. Threatening (or boosting) one's self-esteem prior to a game of chance did not affect participant's desire to use a superstitious strategy (aura color). Study 2 provided evidence that superstitious behavior is motivated by a desire to maintain self-integrity by showing that individuals deprived of their aura color prior to a game of chance were more likely to engage in self-affirmation subsequently. It also showed that the impact of depriving individuals of a superstitious strategy is independent of belief in such strategy., Study 2, however, did not find evidence that chronic self-esteem, self-esteem stability, or an individual's desire for control moderated this effect. Possible reasons for this lack of support for our hypotheses are discussed.
Show less
Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2683539
Subject Headings: Self-esteem, Psychological aspects, Motivation (Psychology), Self-assertion, Identity (Psychology), Self-defeating behavior
Format: Document (PDF)

FAU Theses and Dissertations (93)	+ -
FAU College Collections (3)	+ -
Honors Student Theses (1)	+ -
FAU Undergraduate Student Research (1)	+ -

Psychological aspects (10)	+ -
Consumer behavior (7)	+ -
Man-woman relationships (7)	+ -
Behaviorism (Psychology) (6)	+ -
Social psychology (6)	+ -

Attachment behavior in adolescence (5)	+ -
Attachment behavior in children (5)	+ -
Adolescent psychology (4)	+ -
Child development (4)	+ -
Health behavior (4)	+ -
Human behavior (4)	+ -
Intimacy (Psychology) (4)	+ -
Organizational behavior (4)	+ -
Parent and teenager (4)	+ -
Psychology, Behavioral (4)	+ -
Social aspects (4)	+ -
Adjustment (Psychology) (3)	+ -
Attachment behavior (3)	+ -
Behavior modification (3)	+ -
Behaviorism (Psychology)--Social aspects (3)	+ -
Commitment (Psychology) (3)	+ -
Interpersonal relations (3)	+ -
Mother and child (3)	+ -
Motivation (Psychology) (3)	+ -
Parent and child (3)	+ -
Parenting (3)	+ -
Psychology (3)	+ -
Psychology, Experimental (3)	+ -
Psychology, Social (3)	+ -
Sex roles (3)	+ -

Electronic Thesis or Dissertation (93)	+ -
abstract (1)	+ -
article (1)	+ -
thesis (1)	+ -

Florida Atlantic University (73)	+ -
Charles E. Schmidt College of Science (42)	+ -
Department of Psychology (42)	+ -
College of Education (10)	+ -
Shackelford, Todd K. (9)	+ -

Search In

Pages

Pages

Sort Results By:

Narrow results by:

Collection

Topical Subject

Geographic Subject

Temporal Subject

Genre

Type of Resource

Language

Creator

Format

Owner