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Title: Three new measures of gender identity: Implications for children's psychosocial development.
Creator: Egan, Susan K., Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
Abstract/Description: The present dissertation introduces three new measures of gender identity and examines their relations to psychosocial adjustment (i.e., self-concept and peer acceptance) in preadolescence. The sample consisted of 182 4th- through 8th-grade children. The three measures assessed (a) feelings of overall similarity to and compatibility with one's gender (goodness-of-fit), (b) feelings of pressure to conform to sex-role stereotypes (felt pressure), and (c) belief that one's sex is superior to the...
Show moreThe present dissertation introduces three new measures of gender identity and examines their relations to psychosocial adjustment (i.e., self-concept and peer acceptance) in preadolescence. The sample consisted of 182 4th- through 8th-grade children. The three measures assessed (a) feelings of overall similarity to and compatibility with one's gender (goodness-of-fit), (b) feelings of pressure to conform to sex-role stereotypes (felt pressure), and (c) belief that one's sex is superior to the other sex (intergroup bias). Both concurrent and short-term longitudinal analyses indicated that goodness-of-fit was beneficial to psychosocial adjustment, whereas both felt pressure and intergroup bias undermined psychosocial adjustment. Furthermore, goodness-of-fit mediated many of the relations of domain-specific sex-typing measures (e.g., traits) to adjustment. The present dissertation helps identify some of the inherent limitations in previous work on gender identity, provides new insight into the relation of children's gender identity and psychosocial development, and raises suggestions for future inquiry.
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Date Issued: 1999
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12616
Subject Headings: Gender identity, Identity (Psychology) in children, Sex differences (Psychology) in children, Child development
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The effect of participation in the “girl talk” program on easing the transition to middle school.
Creator: Schietz, Randi J, Villares, Elizabeth, Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: This study measured the impact of a gender-specific school counseling curriculum, “Girl Talk” on: relational aggressive behaviors, pro-social behaviors, student connectedness, cohesiveness, and social self-efficacy. The “Girl Talk” program consists of five sessions and was delivered as part of a comprehensive school counseling program. Fifth grade girls in four elementary schools (N=151) from one large, Southeastern school district participated in the study. Girls at two elementary schools...
Show moreThis study measured the impact of a gender-specific school counseling curriculum, “Girl Talk” on: relational aggressive behaviors, pro-social behaviors, student connectedness, cohesiveness, and social self-efficacy. The “Girl Talk” program consists of five sessions and was delivered as part of a comprehensive school counseling program. Fifth grade girls in four elementary schools (N=151) from one large, Southeastern school district participated in the study. Girls at two elementary schools received the “Girl Talk” program (treatment group; n=85) and their peer counterparts (comparison group; n=66) at the two remaining schools received their regular school counseling program. A series analysis of variance and an analysis of covariance test, using an alpha level of .05, was conducted to determine if statistically significant differences existed between participants' posttest scores by group condition on the Peer Relations Questionnaire (Rigby & Slee, 1993b), My Class Inventory–Short Form Revised (Sink & Spencer, 2005), the Peers and Friends subscales of the Hemingway Measure of Pre-Adolescent Connectedness (Karcher, 2005), and the Social self-efficacy subscale of the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (Muris, 2001). Statistically significant differences were found in the areas of relational aggressive behaviors, pro-social behaviors, student connectedness, cohesiveness, and social self-efficacy. Partial eta square effect sizes were reported for each measure. The results support the positive impact that school counselors can have when using a systemic, gender-specific classroom guidance curriculum for reducing relational aggression among pre-adolescent girls.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004328, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004328
Subject Headings: Adolescent psychology, Counseling in elementary education, Educational counseling, Educational sociology, Sex differences (Psychology), Social psychology -- Methodology, Student adjustment
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Sex differences and similarities in preferred mating arrangements.
Creator: Stone, Emily A., Florida Atlantic University, Shackelford, Todd K.
Abstract/Description: Over 90% of men and women marry, but as many as 50% of married men and women have affairs. Thus, in a self-report study of ideal mating arrangements, in which costs associated with infidelity are eliminated, it was hypothesized that men and women would prefer a mating arrangement of monogamy with the option of casual, extra-pair sex. Unexpectedly, men and women (N = 463) overwhelmingly preferred strictly monogamous mating arrangements when forced to select one such ideal arrangement. A...
Show moreOver 90% of men and women marry, but as many as 50% of married men and women have affairs. Thus, in a self-report study of ideal mating arrangements, in which costs associated with infidelity are eliminated, it was hypothesized that men and women would prefer a mating arrangement of monogamy with the option of casual, extra-pair sex. Unexpectedly, men and women (N = 463) overwhelmingly preferred strictly monogamous mating arrangements when forced to select one such ideal arrangement. A hypothesized sex difference did emerge, however, with men more than women rating as more interesting those arrangements that included casual sex or partner variety. Discussion addresses several evolutionarily plausible accounts for the current results and integrates the current results with existing theories about sex differences and similarities in mating psychology and behavior.
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Date Issued: 2005
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13308
Subject Headings: Human behavior, Sex (Psychology), Intimacy (Psychology), Life change events, Man-woman relationships--Psychological aspects, Sexual ethics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Gender, sports, and adjustment in preadolescent children.
Creator: Cooper, Patrick J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The fact that 45% of boys and 32% of girls in the United States participate in youth sports suggests that sports participation might be an important influence on children's psychosocial development. This study explored: (1) how children's gender cognitions influence sports self-efficacy and (2) how sports self-efficacy influences children's psychosocial adjustment. Results suggest that for boys, felt pressure to conform to gender standards and the belief that sports is important for boys...
Show moreThe fact that 45% of boys and 32% of girls in the United States participate in youth sports suggests that sports participation might be an important influence on children's psychosocial development. This study explored: (1) how children's gender cognitions influence sports self-efficacy and (2) how sports self-efficacy influences children's psychosocial adjustment. Results suggest that for boys, felt pressure to conform to gender standards and the belief that sports is important for boys influence sports self-efficacy. In girls, both the belief that sports is important for girls and the belief that sports is important for boys predicted sports self-efficacy. Sports self-efficacy predicted benefits for girls adjustment (high self-esteem, higher body satisfaction, lower depression and lower anxiety) but both positive and negative outcomes for boys (higher narcissism, higher aggression, and lower depression and lower anxiety). The findings overall suggest that the correlates of sports self-efficacy are somewhat different for boys and for girls.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/1927605
Subject Headings: Physical education and training, Psychological aspects, Sports, Psychological aspects, Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Gender identity, Identity (Psychology) in adolescence
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: What was "Behind the Green Door?": reclaiming femininity and sexual pleasure within pornography.
Creator: Williams, Faith Abigail., Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description: This project focuses on, Behind the Green Door, a film that inaugurated and in many ways defined the genre of hard-core pornography. I will examine the subversive modes of sexual behavior created and promoted by society and will argue that pornographic films actively attempt to redefine socially created notions of sexual comportment. I will then examine the notion of sexual fantasy and behavior as represented in two pornographic films, The Masseuse and The Fashionistas, in relation to the...
Show moreThis project focuses on, Behind the Green Door, a film that inaugurated and in many ways defined the genre of hard-core pornography. I will examine the subversive modes of sexual behavior created and promoted by society and will argue that pornographic films actively attempt to redefine socially created notions of sexual comportment. I will then examine the notion of sexual fantasy and behavior as represented in two pornographic films, The Masseuse and The Fashionistas, in relation to the models of sexual comportment present in Behind the Green Door. Specifically, I will study the work of two female pornographic stars, Jenna Jameson and Belladonna, and discuss the manner in which their work has reclaimed the notion of femininity and the necessity for female sexual pleasure by presenting women as sexually empowered beings able controlling and creating sexual scenarios specifically designed to garner physical pleasure.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/40974
Subject Headings: Sex differences (Psychology), Pornography, Social aspects, Feminism, Sex role
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Mind the gap: buck angel and the implications of transgender male in/visibility.
Creator: Stanic, Emilija, Barrios, Barclay, Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of English
Abstract/Description: This thesis explores the implications of visibility and invisibility of transgender people, their constructed bodies, and how these bodies are used for both personal empowerment and education. By using various gender theorists for support, I argue that the transgender male body obtains power through visibility. Despite the many obstacles transgender males face, putting their bodies in a space of visibility gives them both personal power and the power to educate others about their bodies and...
Show moreThis thesis explores the implications of visibility and invisibility of transgender people, their constructed bodies, and how these bodies are used for both personal empowerment and education. By using various gender theorists for support, I argue that the transgender male body obtains power through visibility. Despite the many obstacles transgender males face, putting their bodies in a space of visibility gives them both personal power and the power to educate others about their bodies and sexuality. In doing a study of the human body and the different definitions applied to it, I show how we, as a society, are restricted by gender binaries and how the transgender body serves as a gap between the socially-constructed terms. Ultimately, transgender people are able to break through these barriers by subverting the definitions and meaning of “male” and “female.”
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004334, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004334
Subject Headings: Gays in popular culture, Gender identity, Identity (Psychology), Marginality, Social, Sex change, Sex role, Transgender people, Transgenderism, Transsexualism
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Sex Wars: Evolved Psychological Sex Differences and Sexual Conflict in the Contexts of Infidelity, Persuasion, and Hip-Hop Song Lyrics.
Creator: Davies, Alastair P. C., Shackelford, Todd K., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Although researchers agree that humans exhibit behavioral sex differences, there remains controversy over whether these sex differences are socially constructed or are the product of divergent evolutionary selection pressures on the psychologies of men and women. Through four studies, this dissertation presents evidence that behavioral sex differences have their origin in divergent evolutionary selection pressures and that these sex differences lead to conflict between the sexes. The first...
Show moreAlthough researchers agree that humans exhibit behavioral sex differences, there remains controversy over whether these sex differences are socially constructed or are the product of divergent evolutionary selection pressures on the psychologies of men and women. Through four studies, this dissertation presents evidence that behavioral sex differences have their origin in divergent evolutionary selection pressures and that these sex differences lead to conflict between the sexes. The first two studies investigate a type of sexual infidelity known as human mate poaching. The third study investigates the use of physical attractiveness as a tactic to persuade opposite-sex individuals. The fourth study documents expressions of hypothesized evolved psychological sex differences and sexual conflict in the lyrics of songs from hip-hop artists. The final chapter considers a social constructivist account for the origin of behavioral sex differences and argues that an evolutionary psychological account has greater explanatory power.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000852
Subject Headings: Music--Social aspects--United States, Sex in music, Rap (Music)--Criticism and interpretation, Sex role--United States, Sex (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: More than "just a hunch": meaning, feminine intuition and television sleuths.
Creator: Dominguez, Sheela Celeste., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, School of Communication and Multimedia Studies
Abstract/Description: The rise in popularity of the female sleuth television programs makes it important to explore representations of gender and knowledge. This investigation analyzes interpretations of intuition in the television sleuth genre and relevant paratexts, examines gendered public and private spheres and raises broader questions about gendered knowledge in the series Medium, Crossing Jordan, Law and Order: Criminal Intent, Veronica Mars, Monk, The Profiler and True Calling. Rooted in feminist cultural...
Show moreThe rise in popularity of the female sleuth television programs makes it important to explore representations of gender and knowledge. This investigation analyzes interpretations of intuition in the television sleuth genre and relevant paratexts, examines gendered public and private spheres and raises broader questions about gendered knowledge in the series Medium, Crossing Jordan, Law and Order: Criminal Intent, Veronica Mars, Monk, The Profiler and True Calling. Rooted in feminist cultural studies, historical and sociological analysis, television and film theory and work on the detective genre, this investigation establishes common frames, or filters, through which the television sleuth genre represents intuition and the gendered experience of knowledge. Women with intuition are depicted as unstable, dangerous and mentally ill. Though framed similarly, intuitive men have more freedom. This study expands on academic research on television representations of gender and knowledge. Societal implications include further understanding of meaning-making in regard to gendered knowing.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/165938
Subject Headings: Women detectives in mass media, Popular culture, History, Self-actualization (Psychology), Sex differences (Psychology), Thought and thinking, Sex differences, Women in television
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Narcissism, perceptions of peer relationships, and target-specific aggression in middle childhood.
Creator: Anderson, Chelsie., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This study examined how narcissism affects preadolescent children's choices of peer targets for aggression. Based on the idea that narcissists have a grandiose sense of self that requires nourishment, we hypothesized that narcissistic children are especially likely to attack peers who threaten, or fail to nourish, their grandiose self. We assessed narcissism and the degree to which each child's aggression toward peers depended on (a) the child's perceived liking by each peer, (b) the child's...
Show moreThis study examined how narcissism affects preadolescent children's choices of peer targets for aggression. Based on the idea that narcissists have a grandiose sense of self that requires nourishment, we hypothesized that narcissistic children are especially likely to attack peers who threaten, or fail to nourish, their grandiose self. We assessed narcissism and the degree to which each child's aggression toward peers depended on (a) the child's perceived liking by each peer, (b) the child's liking of each peer, (c) each peer's actual liking of the child, and (d) the child's perceived similarity to each peer. Participants were 197 children in the fourth through eighth grades at a university school. Narcissism predicted the four types of target-specific aggression in disparate ways for boys and girls. Narcissistic boys were especially likely to direct aggression toward male peers whom (a) they perceived as disliking them, (b) they disliked, and (c) they perceived as dissimilar to themselves. Narcissistic girls were especially likely to attack female peers whom they perceived as similar to themselves. Narcissism may enhance different motives for boys and girls in same-sex peer relatinships. We propose that narcissism enhances investment in status and rivalry amoung girls while enhancing the motive to attack dissimilar peers among boys.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3356886
Subject Headings: Identity (Psychology) in children, Adjustment (Psychology), Sex differences (Psychology), Affect (Psychology), Aggressiveness, Narcissism, Philosophy, Interpersonal relations in children, Social interaction in children, Self-esteem in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Sports and its effects on gender typing.
Creator: Frias, Arian., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Sports and its effects on children have been researched for the benefits that it may bring. The purpose of this study is to see if sports competency, assessed by both peer reports and self-reports, benefits both boys and girls and whether it protects children who generally are gender-atypical from adjustment difficulties and also to see if there are any interactive influences of cross-gender typing and sports competency on self-esteem, depression, and other adjustment indexes. Our results...
Show moreSports and its effects on children have been researched for the benefits that it may bring. The purpose of this study is to see if sports competency, assessed by both peer reports and self-reports, benefits both boys and girls and whether it protects children who generally are gender-atypical from adjustment difficulties and also to see if there are any interactive influences of cross-gender typing and sports competency on self-esteem, depression, and other adjustment indexes. Our results found that there was a significant interaction between sports competence and cross-gender typing when looking at popularity and also a significant interaction between sports self-efficacy and cross-gender typing when looking at self-esteem. Our data did not provide sufficient support for our buffering hypothesis, but it allowed for us to conclude that self-esteem of low-cross-gender-typed children profit more from high sports self-efficacy and suffer more from low sports self-efficacy than the self-esteem of high-cross-gender-typed children.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3175020
Subject Headings: Physical education and training, Psychological aspects, Sports, Psychological aspects, Gender identity, Sex discrimination in sports, Self-esteem
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Commodification of sexual labor: the contribution of Internet communities to prostitution reform.
Creator: Young, Jeffrey R., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Anthropology
Abstract/Description: This is an ethnographic study of a self-regulated Internet site that facilitates illegal female prostitution in South Florida. The purpose is to identify the social and economic characteristics of the site that can contribute to acceptable prostitution reform. The members of the site appear to sustain an orderly and mutually respectful exchange of sexual services for money, suggesting that certain social and economic features of this form of transaction diminish barriers otherwise present in...
Show moreThis is an ethnographic study of a self-regulated Internet site that facilitates illegal female prostitution in South Florida. The purpose is to identify the social and economic characteristics of the site that can contribute to acceptable prostitution reform. The members of the site appear to sustain an orderly and mutually respectful exchange of sexual services for money, suggesting that certain social and economic features of this form of transaction diminish barriers otherwise present in typical forms of contemporary prostitution exchange. The study evaluates the thesis that when commercial sex is conducted in an open atmosphere of respect, trust and mutual understanding, within certain economic parameters, the beliefs and practices that stigmatize prostitutes and prostitution are neutralized. Evidence was generated through extensive observation of an online venue that approximates what prostitution would be like if open market exchange in sexual labor did exist. These data are supplemented by interviews with participants of the online community. Features of mutual respect, trust, and understanding, characteristically absent in traditional prostitution venues, appear to be part of an emerging community phenomenon that facilitates prostitution online. Thus, this study engages with the larger scholarly position that normalization of sex work is necessary for successful prostitution reform. This community utilizes a non-legal enforcement mechanism to facilitate cooperative exchanges based on establishing trust between participants. At the center of the cooperation system is a reputation mechanism that fosters trust between potential partners by encouraging participants to post honest reviews of their encounters with each other., Understanding the social order as a cooperation game where participants publicly signal each other in an attempt to find the most desirable partners explains the mutual trust and respect that participants have for each other. Because stigma and disrespect are founded on mistrust, this cooperation mechanism is effective in minimizing undesirable attitudes, beliefs, and practices that stigmatize and oppress prostitutes. This study suggests that prostitution reform acceptable to many feminists is possible. But in order for meaningful reform to work in practice, it must be accompanied by regulations carefully designed to protect the sexual autonomy of women without stigmatizing prostitutes.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/369391
Subject Headings: Sex, Political aspects, Prostitution, Social aspects, Autonomy (Psychology), Women in popular culture
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The "outing" of Miss Jean Brodie or to Miss Christina Kay with love.
Creator: Geoghegan, Elizabeth Erin., Florida Atlantic University, McGuirk, Carol
Abstract/Description: Romantic friendships, or raves as they were commonly called, were a common element of the culture of girl's schools in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. However, the impact of sexologists' theories served to pathologize and stigmatize these relationships. Muriel Spark was a product of the girl's school education in the post-Freudian era. While many scholars have studied The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie for its spiritual or moral content, few have discussed the sexuality and lesbian...
Show moreRomantic friendships, or raves as they were commonly called, were a common element of the culture of girl's schools in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. However, the impact of sexologists' theories served to pathologize and stigmatize these relationships. Muriel Spark was a product of the girl's school education in the post-Freudian era. While many scholars have studied The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie for its spiritual or moral content, few have discussed the sexuality and lesbian content in the novel. This thesis discusses the sexual dynamics of the two main characters, Jean Brodie and Sandy Stranger, while taking into account the social, psychological, and biographical influences on Spark's novel. Romantic friendship is a compelling force in the narrative which drives each character in their vacillation between loyalty and betrayal.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12792
Subject Headings: Spark, Muriel.--Prime of Miss Jean Brodie., Lesbianism in literature., Sex (Psychology) in literature.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Female Directed Sexual Coercion in Intimate Relationships: An Evolutionary Psychological Perspective.
Creator: Starratt, Valerie G., Florida Atlantic University, Shackelford, Todd K., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Over human evolutionary history, men faced the adaptive problem of cuckoldry, or the unwitting investment in genetically unrelated offspring. As cuckoldry is potentially so reproductively costly, men may have evolved anti-cuckoldry psychological adaptations. Sexual coercion has been hypothesized as one class of anti-cuckoldry behaviors. By sexually coercing an intimate partner, a man may reduce the risk of cuckoldry by placing his sperm in competition with a rival male's spenn, should his...
Show moreOver human evolutionary history, men faced the adaptive problem of cuckoldry, or the unwitting investment in genetically unrelated offspring. As cuckoldry is potentially so reproductively costly, men may have evolved anti-cuckoldry psychological adaptations. Sexual coercion has been hypothesized as one class of anti-cuckoldry behaviors. By sexually coercing an intimate partner, a man may reduce the risk of cuckoldry by placing his sperm in competition with a rival male's spenn, should his partner have been sexually unfaithful. I will present three studies that investigate the role of female infidelity, an assessment of risk of spenn competition and subsequent cuckoldry, in predicting male sexual coercion in the context of an intimate relationship.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000879
Subject Headings: Sex roles, Behavior (Psychology)--Social aspects, Violence in men, Man-woman relationships, Sperm competition
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A STUDY OF THE PERCEPTIONS HELD BY MALE AND FEMALE GRADUATE STUDENTS IN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP TOWARD THE INFLUENCES THAT ROLE MODELS, MENTORS, AND NETWORK SYSTEMS EXERT ON CAREER DEVELOPMENT.
Creator: RUPPRATH, GLORIA WALKER., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The Problem. The purpose of this study was to determine whether significant differences existed between the perceptions held by male and female graduate students in educational leadership toward the influences that role models, mentors, and network systems exert on educational career development. The subjects consisted of graduate students enrolled at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, during the 1985-86 academic year who were either seeking a graduate degree in educational...
Show moreThe Problem. The purpose of this study was to determine whether significant differences existed between the perceptions held by male and female graduate students in educational leadership toward the influences that role models, mentors, and network systems exert on educational career development. The subjects consisted of graduate students enrolled at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, during the 1985-86 academic year who were either seeking a graduate degree in educational leadership or seeking Florida State Certification in educational leadership. Procedure. A multivariate analysis of variance procedure was applied to test the hypotheses of the study to determine whether significant differences existed between the perceptions held by male and female graduate students in educational leadership on role models, mentors, and network systems of the group level. Where a significant multivariate difference was detected, a univariate analysis of variance was completed for each of the forty-five variables to detemine whether significant differences existed between the perceptions held by male and female graduate students in educational leadership at the item level. Conclusions. (1) Male and female graduate students in educational leadership exhibited significant differences in their perceptions toward role models on educational career development; (2) Male and female graduate students in educational leadership exhibited significant differences in their perceptions toward mentors in educational career development; (3) Male and female graduate students in educational leadership exhibited no significant differences in their perceptions toward network systems on educational career development.
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Date Issued: 1986
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11879
Subject Headings: Graduate students--Florida--Boca Raton--Attitudes, Sex differences (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Sex-role development in young children: Relationships to behavioral and attitudinal measures of parental gender schemas.
Creator: Morgan, Amy Kathryn, Florida Atlantic University, Perry, Louise C.
Abstract/Description: Parental influence on their children's sex-role development was examined by assessing strength of parental sex-role stereotyping and comparing the results with similar data gathered previously from their children. Parents' gender-schema flexibility was measured by a computer task which required judgements of the gender-appropriateness of sex-typed occupations under both immediate- and delayed-response conditions. Three paper-and-pencil questionnaires measured parents' sex-typed attributes,...
Show moreParental influence on their children's sex-role development was examined by assessing strength of parental sex-role stereotyping and comparing the results with similar data gathered previously from their children. Parents' gender-schema flexibility was measured by a computer task which required judgements of the gender-appropriateness of sex-typed occupations under both immediate- and delayed-response conditions. Three paper-and-pencil questionnaires measured parents' sex-typed attributes, beliefs, and socialization practices. Evidence was obtained for the value of using an immediate-response requirement in future research. Parents gave significantly more sex-stereotyped responses in the immediate- rather than the delayed-response mode. Parental socialization practices were found to have the most links with their children's strength of sex-typing. Measures which distinguished between parental preference for their child's choice of same-sex items and disapproval of their child's choice of opposite-sex items were particularly sensitive.
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Date Issued: 1993
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14924
Subject Headings: Sex role in children, Parental influences--Sexual behavior, Schemas (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: EXAMINING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN RAPE MYTH ACCEPTANCE, SEXUAL EXPERIENCES AND VICTIMIZATION AND RECOVERY-EFFICACY AMONG MINORITY WOMEN ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES.
Creator: Cooper, Ashley Leonhart, Emelianchik-Key, Kelly, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Counselor Education, College of Education
Abstract/Description: Sexual violence (SV) is a significant problem that impacts women on college campuses at an alarming rate (Fischer et al., 2018). The body of research published regarding women’s experiences with SV on college campuses disproportionately focuses on Caucasian women (Oney, 2018). Few studies address the specific concerns of minority women and their experiences with SV and even fewer studies serve to identify contributing factors to their recovery. In addition to the prevalence of SV on college...
Show moreSexual violence (SV) is a significant problem that impacts women on college campuses at an alarming rate (Fischer et al., 2018). The body of research published regarding women’s experiences with SV on college campuses disproportionately focuses on Caucasian women (Oney, 2018). Few studies address the specific concerns of minority women and their experiences with SV and even fewer studies serve to identify contributing factors to their recovery. In addition to the prevalence of SV on college campuses, the rates of rape myth acceptance (RMA) that have been studied among this age group focus primarily on White cisgender men and women, and again, are understudied in women who identify as racial/ethnic minorities (Oney, 2018). Research correlates high levels of RMA with a decreased willingness to accept recovery-promoting assistance post-SV, which reduces a survivor’s willingness to access to services such as counseling (Oney, 2018). The objective of this study was to determine if rape myth acceptance predicts recovery self-efficacy and if experiences of SV serve as a mediating variable between recovery-self efficacy and RMA in ethnic and racial minority college-age women. The results of this study indicate that RMA does not predict or mediate the variables of recovery self-efficacy and SV. A linear regression analysis was used to establish if RMA predicts recovery self-efficacy, the factors within the scales were not correlated and additional tests yielded non-statistically significant results; (b = -0.02, t = -0.29, p = .77). The study also was unable to provide evidence of experiences of SV being a mediating variable between RMA and recovery self-efficacy through a mediation analysis (b =.00, SE = .002, 95% CI = [-.004, .004], p =.89).
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Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014130
Subject Headings: Rape in universities and colleges, Sex crimes, Minority women, Counseling psychology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Women's rape avoidance: an evolutionary psychological perspective.
Creator: McKibbin, William F., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Women have recurrently faced the adaptive problem of rape over evolutionary history. Little research has investigated the potential evolved psychological mechanisms for rape avoidance that women may possess. Here I review evolutionary perspectives on rape avoidance. I follow this review with the results of two studies conducted to design a measure of women's rape avoidance, known as the Rape Avoidance Inventory (RAI). Study 1A included 99 women who self-reported acts they do or might do...
Show moreWomen have recurrently faced the adaptive problem of rape over evolutionary history. Little research has investigated the potential evolved psychological mechanisms for rape avoidance that women may possess. Here I review evolutionary perspectives on rape avoidance. I follow this review with the results of two studies conducted to design a measure of women's rape avoidance, known as the Rape Avoidance Inventory (RAI). Study 1A included 99 women who self-reported acts they do or might do specifically to avoid being raped. Study 1B included 144 women who filled out a preliminary inventory of rape avoidance behaviors. I used their responses to construct the RAI. In Study 3, I develop and test a number of hypotheses derived from evolutionary psychological theory, using data derived from the sample of women in Study 1B. I conclude by discussing limitations and possible future directions for rape avoidance research.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/1927315
Subject Headings: Rape, Psychological aspects, Sex differences (Psychology), Women, Violence against, Rape victims, Public opinion, Man-woman relationships, Evolutionary psychology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Women’s Plasticity During Childhood and their Influence on Rape-Avoidance Behaviors.
Creator: Penaloza, Sammy, Bjorklund, David F., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Evolutionary theory predicts that sexual coercion and rape are likely to occur in any species in which males are more aggressive, more eager to mate, more sexually assertive, and less discriminating in choosing a mate (Thornhill & Palmer, 2000). McKibbin and Shackelford (2011) state that males of many species have evolved strategies to sexually coerce and rape females. It is for this reason that researchers have speculated that several female traits or behaviors evolved to reduce the risks of...
Show moreEvolutionary theory predicts that sexual coercion and rape are likely to occur in any species in which males are more aggressive, more eager to mate, more sexually assertive, and less discriminating in choosing a mate (Thornhill & Palmer, 2000). McKibbin and Shackelford (2011) state that males of many species have evolved strategies to sexually coerce and rape females. It is for this reason that researchers have speculated that several female traits or behaviors evolved to reduce the risks of being raped (McKibbin & Shackelford, 2011). The rationale behind the proposed experiment examined whether parents’ childrearing practices and women’s plasticity during childhood may have influenced the development of psychological mechanisms in response to the recurrent adaptive problem of rape. Analyses showed that maternal support during childhood predicted how frequently rape-avoidance behaviors were exhibited by women as adults. Analyses also showed that father absence was related to earlier sexual activity but age of menarche did not predict and was not associated with any rape-avoidance behaviors.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004784
Subject Headings: Rape--Psychological aspects., Rape victims--Public opinion., Women--Violence against., Men--Sexual behavior., Men--Attitudes., Human behavior., Sex differences (Psychology), Evolutionary psychology.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: One yard shy of empowerment: cinematic portrayals of female athletes.
Creator: Lieberman, Vividiana., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies
Abstract/Description: Sports are a primary zone of masculinity and sports films are a popular genre. One is hard pressed to find many leading female roles as athletes in male-dominated sports storylines. The cinematic portrayal of women athletes represents social attitudes and values and whether or not the women's movement has been able to influence representations and, concomitantly, social understandings of women and athleticism. My discussion of films featuring female athletes begins with National Velvet (1944)...
Show moreSports are a primary zone of masculinity and sports films are a popular genre. One is hard pressed to find many leading female roles as athletes in male-dominated sports storylines. The cinematic portrayal of women athletes represents social attitudes and values and whether or not the women's movement has been able to influence representations and, concomitantly, social understandings of women and athleticism. My discussion of films featuring female athletes begins with National Velvet (1944) and ends with Whip It (2008). By examining select sports films centered on all female teams, co-ed teams and individual female athletes, I show how their storylines and resolutions do or do not capitulate to patriarchal ideology. I find a general capitulation, with some concessions to women's equality. I conclude with a call for a degendering of sports and a redefinition of strength, competitiveness and aggression as human, not masculine.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3342205
Subject Headings: Women athletes, Feminism and sports, Competition (Psychology), Minorities in motion pictures, Sex discrimination against women
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Mirror neurons: imitation and emotional differences among males and females.
Creator: Reale, AmberRose, Rosselli, Monica, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The mirror neuron system consists of a specific class of visuomotor neurons, which fire for both observation and execution of an action (di Pellegrino et al., 1992), as well as showing differences for empathy and gender. Fifty males (M = 25.94) and fifty females (M = 25.48) watched short clips of a hand tapping fingers in a sequence in neutral and emotional settings. Participants were asked to imitate emotions while watching and repeating the finger sequences. A univariate ANOVA discovered...
Show moreThe mirror neuron system consists of a specific class of visuomotor neurons, which fire for both observation and execution of an action (di Pellegrino et al., 1992), as well as showing differences for empathy and gender. Fifty males (M = 25.94) and fifty females (M = 25.48) watched short clips of a hand tapping fingers in a sequence in neutral and emotional settings. Participants were asked to imitate emotions while watching and repeating the finger sequences. A univariate ANOVA discovered significant differences in response times for males and females in the emotion trials, which were eliminated when empathy was included in the analysis. Findings show those higher in empathy are faster at imitation of a motor task in emotional settings.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004153
Subject Headings: Affective neuroscience, Emotions -- Psychological aspects, Form perception -- Physiological aspects, Pattern perception -- Physiological aspects, Perception -- Physiological aspects, Sex differences
Format: Document (PDF)

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