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Title: Development of an integrated computational tool for design and analysis of composite turbine blades under ocean current loading.
Creator: Zhou, Fang., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description: A computational tool has been developed by integrating National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) codes, Sandia National Laboratories' NuMAD, and ANSYS to investigate a horizontal axis composite ocean current turbine. The study focused on the design, analysis, and life prediction of composite blade considering random ocean current, cyclic rotation, and hurricane-driven ocean current. A structural model for a horizontal axis FAU research OCT blade was developed. Following NREL codes were used...
Show moreA computational tool has been developed by integrating National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) codes, Sandia National Laboratories' NuMAD, and ANSYS to investigate a horizontal axis composite ocean current turbine. The study focused on the design, analysis, and life prediction of composite blade considering random ocean current, cyclic rotation, and hurricane-driven ocean current. A structural model for a horizontal axis FAU research OCT blade was developed. Following NREL codes were used: PreCom, BModes, ModeShape, AeroDyn and FAST. PreComp was used to compute section properties of the OCT blade. BModes and ModeShape calculated the mode shapes of the blade. Hydrodynamic loading on the OCT blade was calculated by modifying the inputs to AeroDyn and FAST. These codes were then used to obtain the dynamic response of the blade, including blade tip displacement, normal force (FN) and tangential force (FT), flap and edge bending moment distribution with respect to blade rotation.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3362582
Subject Headings: Structural dynamics, Fluid dynamics, Marine turbines, Mathematical models, Turbines, Blades, Design and construction
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Dissipation and eddy mixing associated with flow past an underwater turbine.
Creator: Reza, Zaqie, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description: The objective of this thesis is to analyze the flow past an ocean current turbine using a finite volume Navier-Stokes CFD solver. A full 3-D RANS approach in a moving reference frame is used to model the flow. By employing periodic boundary conditions, one-third of the flow-field is analyzed and the output is replicated to other sectors. Following validation of the computation with an experimental study, the flow fields and particle paths for the case of uniform and sheared incoming flows...
Show moreThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the flow past an ocean current turbine using a finite volume Navier-Stokes CFD solver. A full 3-D RANS approach in a moving reference frame is used to model the flow. By employing periodic boundary conditions, one-third of the flow-field is analyzed and the output is replicated to other sectors. Following validation of the computation with an experimental study, the flow fields and particle paths for the case of uniform and sheared incoming flows past a generic turbine with various blade pitch angles are evaluated and analyzed. Flow field and wake expansion are visualized. Eddy viscosity effects and its dependence on flow field conditions are investigated.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2683537
Subject Headings: Vibration (Aerodynamics), Fine element method, Marine turbines, Mathematical models, Water currents, Forecasting, Computational fluid dynamics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Effects of stressors on differential gene expression and secondary metabolites by Axinella corrugata.
Creator: Grima, Jennifer., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: Sponges are an important source of bioactive marine natural products, or secondary metabolites. The common Caribbean reef sponge, Axinella corrugata, produces an antitumor and antibacterial chemical, stevensine. This study determined whether environmental stressors, such as elevated temperature and exposure to Amphibalanus amphitrite larvae, affect the production of stevensine by A.corrugata and if the stressors caused A.corrugata to exhibit differential gene expression. Temperature stress...
Show moreSponges are an important source of bioactive marine natural products, or secondary metabolites. The common Caribbean reef sponge, Axinella corrugata, produces an antitumor and antibacterial chemical, stevensine. This study determined whether environmental stressors, such as elevated temperature and exposure to Amphibalanus amphitrite larvae, affect the production of stevensine by A.corrugata and if the stressors caused A.corrugata to exhibit differential gene expression. Temperature stress resulted in no significant change in the production of stevensine; only two genes were significantly differentially expressed, including hsp70. Larval stressed resulted in increased production of stevensine and significant differential gene expression (more than seventy genes). This study suggests that A.corrugata may be resilient to elevations in temperature and that one of stevensine's roles in nature is as an antifoulant.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3360781
Subject Headings: Axinellida, Sponges, Marine pharmacology, Adaptation (Biology), Gene expression, Genetic regulation, Stress (Physiology), Ecophysiology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Design and finite element analysis of an ocean current turbine blade.
Creator: Asseff, Nicholas S., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description: A composite 3 meter ocean current turbine blade has been designed and analyzed using Blade Element Theory (BET) and commercial Finite Element Modeling (FEM) code, ANSYS. It has been observed that using the numerical BET tool created, power production up to 141 kW is possible from a 3 bladed rotor in an ocean current of 2.5 m/s with the proposed blade design. The blade is of sandwich construction with carbon fiber skin and high density foam core. It also contains two webs made of S2-glass for...
Show moreA composite 3 meter ocean current turbine blade has been designed and analyzed using Blade Element Theory (BET) and commercial Finite Element Modeling (FEM) code, ANSYS. It has been observed that using the numerical BET tool created, power production up to 141 kW is possible from a 3 bladed rotor in an ocean current of 2.5 m/s with the proposed blade design. The blade is of sandwich construction with carbon fiber skin and high density foam core. It also contains two webs made of S2-glass for added shear rigidity. Four design cases were analyzed, involving differences in hydrodynamic shape, material properties, and internal structure. Results from the linear static structural analysis revealed that the best design provides adequate stiffness and strength to produce the proposed power without any structural failure. An Eigenvalue Buckling analysis confirmed that the blade would not fail from buckling prior to overstressed laminate failure if the loading was to exceed the Safety Factor.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/221944
Subject Headings: Marine turbines, Mathematical models, Fluid dynamics, Structural dynamics, Composite materials, Mathematical models
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Complete thermal design and modeling for the pressure vessel of an ocean turbine -: a numerical simulation and optimization approach.
Creator: Kaiser, Khaled., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description: This thesis is an approach of numerical optimization of thermal design of the ocean turbine developed by the Centre of Ocean Energy and Technology (COET). The technique used here is the integrated method of finite element analysis (FEA) of heat transfer, artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) for optimization purposes.
Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/369194
Subject Headings: Thermal analysis, Computer programs, Heat exchangers, Design and construction, Marine turbines, Testing, Mathematical models, Fluid dynamics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Ecosystem health and environmental influences on innate immune function in the loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtle.
Creator: Sposato, Patricia L., Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) turtles recruit to nearshore environments as juveniles. These often degraded habitats are associated with emerging diseases such as green turtle fibropapillomatosis (GTFP), however there are few studies on immune function in sea turtles. The objective of this research was to quantify phagocytosis of the innate immune system by flow cytometry and compare levels between animals from a degraded habitat (the Indian River Lagoon, FL) to a...
Show moreLoggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) turtles recruit to nearshore environments as juveniles. These often degraded habitats are associated with emerging diseases such as green turtle fibropapillomatosis (GTFP), however there are few studies on immune function in sea turtles. The objective of this research was to quantify phagocytosis of the innate immune system by flow cytometry and compare levels between animals from a degraded habitat (the Indian River Lagoon, FL) to a more pristine environment (the Trident Basin, Port Canaveral, FL), and across a range of temperatures. While in vitro temperatures did not alter rates of phagocytosis, it was higher in samples obtained in the summer than winter. Rates of phagocytosis in sea turtles with GTFP and from degraded environments with increased prevalence of GTFP were low compared to animals from the more pristine environment, suggesting that the environment can alter innate immunological function and thus contribute to the development of disease.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004333, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004333
Subject Headings: Developmental biology, Ecosystem management -- Florida, Loggerhead turtle -- Habitat -- Environmental aspects, Marine biodiversity conservation, Sea turtles -- Immunology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE NURSERY EFFECT OF SELECT REEF FISHES ALONG THE SOUTHERN FLORIDA COAST.
Creator: Pressly, Andrew, Hindle, Tobin, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Geosciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: The nursery effect is a process where juvenile fish utilize coastal habitats to help them survive before moving to their adult habitat. This process establishes an important link between marine ecosystems. This study examines the nursery effect and nursery habitat utilization in the Indian River Lagoon and Florida Bay systems, and the coral reefs adjacent to them. Quantitative and spatial techniques were utilized to identify patterns of presence and abundance and the size structure of select...
Show moreThe nursery effect is a process where juvenile fish utilize coastal habitats to help them survive before moving to their adult habitat. This process establishes an important link between marine ecosystems. This study examines the nursery effect and nursery habitat utilization in the Indian River Lagoon and Florida Bay systems, and the coral reefs adjacent to them. Quantitative and spatial techniques were utilized to identify patterns of presence and abundance and the size structure of select fish species. Spatial analyses were also used to investigate distribution patterns. Findings from this study suggest that several species utilize to a high degree the Indian River Lagoon and Florida Bay as nurseries. Furthermore, the abundance of adults on coral reefs is strongly connected to the presence of nurseries. This study has implications in fisheries management such as locating where juveniles of species develop. With such knowledge, better management plans could be implemented to ensure healthy fish stocks.
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Date Issued: 2020
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013490
Subject Headings: Reef fishes, Florida Bay (Fla ), Indian River (Fla : Lagoon), Fisheries management, Marine nurseries
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Habitat location and selection by the Sargassum crab Portunus sayi: the role of sensory cues.
Creator: West, Lorin E., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: The Sargassum community consists of a unique and idverse assemblage of fauna critical to pelagic food chains. Associated organisms presumably have adaptations to assist in finding Sargassum. This study investigated cues used for habitat location and selection by the Sargassum crab, Portunus sayi. Chemical detection trials were conducted with a two-chamber choice apparatus with Sargassum spp. and Thalassia testudinum as source odors. Visual detection trials (devoid of chemical cues) and...
Show moreThe Sargassum community consists of a unique and idverse assemblage of fauna critical to pelagic food chains. Associated organisms presumably have adaptations to assist in finding Sargassum. This study investigated cues used for habitat location and selection by the Sargassum crab, Portunus sayi. Chemical detection trials were conducted with a two-chamber choice apparatus with Sargassum spp. and Thalassia testudinum as source odors. Visual detection trials (devoid of chemical cues) and habitat selection trials were conducted in which crabs were given a choice of habitats. Results showed that P. sayi respoded to chemical odors from Sargassum spp. Crabs visually located habitats but did not visually distinguish between different habitats. In habitat selection trials, crabs selected Sargassum spp. over artificial Sargassum and T. testudinum. These results suggest that crabs isolated from Sargassum likely use chemoreception from longer distances ; within visual proximity of a potential patch, crabs use both chemical and visual information.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3356901
Subject Headings: Habitat (Ecology), Sargassum, Ecology, Marine chemical ecology, Chemoreceptors, Animal behavior, Animal communication, Portunus sayi, Ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Numerical performance prediction for FAU's first generation ocean current turbine.
Creator: Vanrietvelde, Nicolas., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description: This thesis presents the analytically predicted position, motion, attitude, power output and forces on Florida Atlantic University's (FAU) first generation ocean current turbine for a wide range of operating conditions. These values are calculated using a 7- DOF dynamics simulation of the turbine and the cable that attaches it to the mooring system. The numerical simulation modifications and upgrades completed in this work include developing a wave model including the effects of waves into...
Show moreThis thesis presents the analytically predicted position, motion, attitude, power output and forces on Florida Atlantic University's (FAU) first generation ocean current turbine for a wide range of operating conditions. These values are calculated using a 7- DOF dynamics simulation of the turbine and the cable that attaches it to the mooring system. The numerical simulation modifications and upgrades completed in this work include developing a wave model including the effects of waves into the simulation, upgrading the rotor model to specify the number of blades and upgrading the cable model to specify the number of cable elements. This enhanced simulation is used to quantify the turbine's performance in a wide range of currents, wave fields and when stopping and starting the rotor. For a uniform steady current this simulation predicts that when the rotor is fixed in 1.5 m/s current the drag on the turbine is 3.0 kN, the torque on the rotor is 384 N-m, the turbine roll and pitch are 2.4º and -1.2º . When the rotor is allowed to spin up to the rotational velocity where the turbine produces maximum power, the turbine drag increases to 7.3 kN, the torque increases to 1482 N-m, the shaft power is 5.8 kW, the turbine roll increases to 9º and the turbine pitch stays constant. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis is done to evaluate changes in turbine performance caused by changes in turbine design and operation. This analysis show, among other things, that a non-axial flow on the turbine of up to 10º has a minimal effect on net power output and that the vertical stable position of the turbine varies linearly with the weight/buoyancy of the turbine with a maximum variation of 1.77 m for each increase or decrease of 1 kg at a current speed of 0.5 m/s.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2182033
Subject Headings: Marine turbines, Mathematical models, Structural dynamics, Rotors, Design and construction, Testing, Fluid dynamics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Numerical simulation tool for moored marine hydrokinetic turbines.
Creator: Hacker, Basil L., Ananthakrishnan, Palaniswamy, VanZwieten, James H., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description: The research presented in this thesis utilizes Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory with a dynamic wake model to customize the OrcaFlex numeric simulation platform in order to allow modeling of moored Ocean Current Turbines (OCTs). This work merges the advanced cable modeling tools available within OrcaFlex with well documented BEM rotor modeling approach creating a combined tool that was not previously available for predicting the performance of moored ocean current turbines. This tool allows...
Show moreThe research presented in this thesis utilizes Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory with a dynamic wake model to customize the OrcaFlex numeric simulation platform in order to allow modeling of moored Ocean Current Turbines (OCTs). This work merges the advanced cable modeling tools available within OrcaFlex with well documented BEM rotor modeling approach creating a combined tool that was not previously available for predicting the performance of moored ocean current turbines. This tool allows ocean current turbine developers to predict and optimize the performance of their devices and mooring systems before deploying these systems at sea. The BEM rotor model was written in C++ to create a back-end tool that is fed continuously updated data on the OCT’s orientation and velocities as the simulation is running. The custom designed code was written specifically so that it could operate within the OrcaFlex environment. An approach for numerically modeling the entire OCT system is presented, which accounts for the additional degree of freedom (rotor rotational velocity) that is not accounted for in the OrcaFlex equations of motion. The properties of the numerically modeled OCT were then set to match those of a previously numerically modeled Southeast National Marine Renewable Energy Center (SNMREC) OCT system and comparisons were made. Evaluated conditions include: uniform axial and off axis currents, as well as axial and off axis wave fields. For comparison purposes these conditions were applied to a geodetically fixed rotor, showing nearly identical results for the steady conditions but varied, in most cases still acceptable accuracy, for the wave environment. Finally, this entire moored OCT system was evaluated in a dynamic environment to help quantify the expected behavioral response of SNMREC’s turbine under uniform current.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA0004024
Subject Headings: Fluid dynamics, Hydrodynamics -- Research, Marine turbines -- Mathematical models, Ocean wave power, Structural dynamics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Numerical simulation and prediction of loads in marine current turbine full-scale rotor blades.
Creator: Senat, Junior., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
Abstract/Description: Marine current turbines are submerged structures and subjected to loading conditions from both the currents and wave effects. The associated phenomena posed significant challenge to the analyses of the loading response of the rotor blades and practical limitations in terms of device location and operational envelopes. The effect of waves on marine current turbines can contribute to the change of flow field and pressure field around the rotor and hence changes the fluid forces on the rotor....
Show moreMarine current turbines are submerged structures and subjected to loading conditions from both the currents and wave effects. The associated phenomena posed significant challenge to the analyses of the loading response of the rotor blades and practical limitations in terms of device location and operational envelopes. The effect of waves on marine current turbines can contribute to the change of flow field and pressure field around the rotor and hence changes the fluid forces on the rotor. However, the effect of the waves on the rotor depends on the magnitude and direction of flow velocity that is induced by the waves. An analysis is presented for predicting the torque, thrust, and bending moments resulting from the wave-current interactions at the root of rotor blades in a horizontal axis marine current turbine using the blade element-momentum (BEM) theory combined with linear wave theory. Parametric studies are carried out to better understand the influence of important parameters , which include wave height, wave frequency, and tip-speed ratio on the performance of the rotor. The periodic loading on the blade due to the steady spatial variation of current speeds over the rotor swept area is determined by a limited number of parameters, including Reynolds number, lift and drag coefficients, thrust and torque coefficients, and power coefficient. The results established that the BEM theory combined with linear wave theory can be used to analyze the wavecurrent interactions in full-scale marine current turbine. The power and thrust coefficients can be analyzed effectively using the numerical BEM theory in conjunction with corrections to the tip loss coefficient and 3D effects., It has been found both thrust and torque increase as the current speed increases, and in longer waves the torque is relatively sensitive to the variation of wave height. Both in-plane and out-of-plane bending moments fluctuate significantly and can be predicted by linear wave theory with blade element-momentum theory.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3172695
Subject Headings: Marine turbines, Mathematical models, Structural dynamics, Fluid dynamics, Rotors, Design and construction
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Ocean Acidification Effects on Photosynthesis in Tropical Marine Macroalgae.
Creator: Zweng, Regina C., Koch, Marguerite, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: Field data from CO2 vents, a current model of future ocean acidification conditions, show a positive correlation between elevated seawater pCO2 and fleshy macroalgal abundance, as well as a negative correlation between elevated seawater pCO2 and calcareous macroalgal abundance on coral reefs. One underlying physiological mechanism for increases of fleshy macroalgae species in response to greater pCO2 could be an increase in their photosynthesis. Furthermore, inorganic carbon use mechanisms,...
Show moreField data from CO2 vents, a current model of future ocean acidification conditions, show a positive correlation between elevated seawater pCO2 and fleshy macroalgal abundance, as well as a negative correlation between elevated seawater pCO2 and calcareous macroalgal abundance on coral reefs. One underlying physiological mechanism for increases of fleshy macroalgae species in response to greater pCO2 could be an increase in their photosynthesis. Furthermore, inorganic carbon use mechanisms, irradiance and depth may influence species-specific responses to ocean acidification. Therefore, this thesis aimed to discern carbon use strategies and photosynthetic responses to elevated pCO2 of dominant tropical fleshy and calcareous macroalgae. All species studied were able to utilize HCO3 - for photosynthesis. 33% of calcifying macroalgae and 80% of fleshy macroalgae had increased photosynthetic rates in response to lower pH. Thus, future conditions of OA may perpetuate or exacerbate the abundance of fleshy seaweeds at the expense of calcareous species.
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Date Issued: 2017
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004879, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004879
Subject Headings: Marine algae--Ecophysiology., Algal communities--Monitoriing., Coral reef ecology.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The chemistry of Briareum asbestinum.
Creator: Rondeau, Melody D., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Abstract/Description: Briareum asbestinum, a soft coral, is a rich source of diterpenoid natural products. The secondary metabolites of B. asbestinum fall into four classes : asbestinins, briarellins, briareolate esters, and briaranes. Briareolate esters have been shown to possess biological activity and were previously only reported from Tobago. Our group recently isolated briareolate esters from a specimen collected off the coast of Boca Raton, Florida. To determine whether location has an impact on the...
Show moreBriareum asbestinum, a soft coral, is a rich source of diterpenoid natural products. The secondary metabolites of B. asbestinum fall into four classes : asbestinins, briarellins, briareolate esters, and briaranes. Briareolate esters have been shown to possess biological activity and were previously only reported from Tobago. Our group recently isolated briareolate esters from a specimen collected off the coast of Boca Raton, Florida. To determine whether location has an impact on the chemistry produced by the organism, a method to discern between chemotypes was sought. Several techniques including thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and sclerite analysis were employed, with NMR being the most successful method. By utilizing both 1H and COSY NMR experiments, it is possible to differentiate between the chemotypes of B. asbestinum. Application of this method allowed analysis of chemical variability with respect to location.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3355882
Subject Headings: Heterocyclic compounds, Synthesis, Coral reef ecology, Marine organisms, Environmental aspects, Biochemical markers
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Vibration analysis for ocean turbine reliability models.
Creator: Wald, Randall David., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Abstract/Description: Submerged turbines which harvest energy from ocean currents are an important potential energy resource, but their harsh and remote environment demands an automated system for machine condition monitoring and prognostic health monitoring (MCM/PHM). For building MCM/PHM models, vibration sensor data is among the most useful (because it can show abnormal behavior which has yet to cause damage) and the most challenging (because due to its waveform nature, frequency bands must be extracted from...
Show moreSubmerged turbines which harvest energy from ocean currents are an important potential energy resource, but their harsh and remote environment demands an automated system for machine condition monitoring and prognostic health monitoring (MCM/PHM). For building MCM/PHM models, vibration sensor data is among the most useful (because it can show abnormal behavior which has yet to cause damage) and the most challenging (because due to its waveform nature, frequency bands must be extracted from the signal). To perform the necessary analysis of the vibration signals, which may arrive rapidly in the form of data streams, we develop three new wavelet-based transforms (the Streaming Wavelet Transform, Short-Time Wavelet Packet Decomposition, and Streaming Wavelet Packet Decomposition) and propose modifications to the existing Short-TIme Wavelet Transform. ... The proposed algorithms also create and select frequency-band features which focus on the areas of the signal most important to MCM/PHM, producing only the information necessary for building models (or removing all unnecessary information) so models can run on less powerful hardware. Finally, we demonstrate models which can work in multiple environmental conditions. ... Our results show that many of the transforms give similar results in terms of performance, but their different properties as to time complexity, ability to operate in a fully streaming fashion, and number of generated features may make some more appropriate than others in particular applications, such as when streaming data or hardware limitations are extremely important (e.g., ocean turbine MCM/PHM).
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3359158
Subject Headings: Marine turbines, Mathematical models, Fluid dynamics, Structural dynamics, Vibration, Measurement, Stochastic processes
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A Study of the Longevity of f2 Bacteriophage in Marine and Fresh Water Sewage Effluent, and Its Use as a Biological Indicator of Pollution.
Creator: Twist, Ernest Michael, Waddell, Glenn H., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The significance of the transmission of animal viruses in sewage polluted fresh and marine waters becomes an increasingly important factor as more and more evidence is presented to support the fact that in the case of many viral types one virus particle constitutes an infective dose. Therefore it is very important that a method of determining the extent of viral pollution in sewage polluted bodies of marine and fresh water be found. The longevity of f2 bacteriophage in both marine and fresh...
Show moreThe significance of the transmission of animal viruses in sewage polluted fresh and marine waters becomes an increasingly important factor as more and more evidence is presented to support the fact that in the case of many viral types one virus particle constitutes an infective dose. Therefore it is very important that a method of determining the extent of viral pollution in sewage polluted bodies of marine and fresh water be found. The longevity of f2 bacteriophage in both marine and fresh water sewage polluted samples was determined, and shown to be 3 to 4 days for marine water and 8 days for fresh water. It was also shown that the culture medium in which the f2 phage was produced, and the larger macromolecular polymers commonly found associated with sewage had a favorable affect in increasing the longevity of f2 phage. It was shown that f2 bacteriophage could be used to follow the initial dispersion of the sewage boil arising from an ocean outfall sewerage system. From these results it was concluded that f2 bacteriophage could be used for more detailed studies concerned with the transmission of viruses in sewage polluted waters.
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Date Issued: 1968
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000841
Subject Headings: Sewage disposal in the ocean, Marine pollution, Bacteriophages, Sewage--Microbiology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A Power Quality Monitoring System for a 20 kW Ocean Turbine.
Creator: Cook, Kevin, Xiros, Nikolaos I., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: This thesis explores an approach for the measurement of the quality of power generated by the Center of Ocean and Energy Technology's prototype ocean turbine. The work includes the development of a system that measures the current and voltage waveforms for all three phases of power created by the induction generator and quantifies power variations and events that occur within the system. These so called "power quality indices" are discussed in detail including the definition of each and how...
Show moreThis thesis explores an approach for the measurement of the quality of power generated by the Center of Ocean and Energy Technology's prototype ocean turbine. The work includes the development of a system that measures the current and voltage waveforms for all three phases of power created by the induction generator and quantifies power variations and events that occur within the system. These so called "power quality indices" are discussed in detail including the definition of each and how they are calculated using LabYiew. The results of various tests demonstrate that this system is accurate and may be implemented in the ocean turbine system to measure the quality of power produced by the turbine. The work then explores a dynamic model of the ocean turbine system that can be used to simulate the response of the turbine to varying conditions.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00012514
Subject Headings: Marine turbines--Mathematical models, Fluid dynamics, Power electronics, Finite element method
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Jaws of significance: the conservationist's perception of the shark in South Florida.
Creator: Nason, Patrick., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Anthropology
Abstract/Description: In examining the intentional relationship between the conservationist and the shark in South Florida, this thesis considers the latter as both a scarce natural resource - caught up in what Clifford Geertz citing Weber referred to as "webs of significance" (Geertz 1973:5) - and as a reflection of dynamic human conceptions of nature : a meta shark. This complex relationship is described by interpretations of conservation discourse recorded through ethnographic interviews that demonstrate how...
Show moreIn examining the intentional relationship between the conservationist and the shark in South Florida, this thesis considers the latter as both a scarce natural resource - caught up in what Clifford Geertz citing Weber referred to as "webs of significance" (Geertz 1973:5) - and as a reflection of dynamic human conceptions of nature : a meta shark. This complex relationship is described by interpretations of conservation discourse recorded through ethnographic interviews that demonstrate how these perceptions have been influenced by factors such as personal experiences, film and text, and broad changes in the relationship between humans and nature since the early days of the environmental movement. By linking these perceptual changes with changes in American shark conservation policy, this work not only explains a relationship between culture, perception, and policy, but also celebrates the emergence of a multispecies marine community.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358755
Subject Headings: Sharks, Conservation, Predation (Biology), Wildlife conservation, Aquatic resources conservation, Marine animals, Ecology, Human-animal relationships
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Propulsive Performance and Maneuver Control of Undulatory Ribbon Fin Propulsion Using Bio-inspired Robotic Systems.
Creator: Liu, Hanlin, Curet, Oscar M., Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description: Undulatory ribbon- n-based propulsion is an appealing propulsion mechanism due to its rich locomotor capabilities that can improve the propulsive performance and maneuverability of underwater vehicles. For instance, the swimming mechanics of weakly electric black ghost knife sh (Apteronotus albifrons) is of great interest to study because of their high swimming e ciency at low speeds and extraordinary agility such as rapid reversal swimming, hovering in presence of water disturbance, rolling...
Show moreUndulatory ribbon- n-based propulsion is an appealing propulsion mechanism due to its rich locomotor capabilities that can improve the propulsive performance and maneuverability of underwater vehicles. For instance, the swimming mechanics of weakly electric black ghost knife sh (Apteronotus albifrons) is of great interest to study because of their high swimming e ciency at low speeds and extraordinary agility such as rapid reversal swimming, hovering in presence of water disturbance, rolling and vertical swimming. In this thesis work, to facilitate our understanding on the exible undulatory ribbon n propulsion, we have four research motivations. The rst objective is to study how the use of exible rays and di erent n morphology can in uence the propulsive performance of ribbon- n propulsion. It is possible that natural swimmers using this locomotion method could take advantage of passive n motion based on the coupling of uid-structure interaction and the elasto-mechanical responses of the undulating n. Therefore, the second objective is to understand how an under-actuated undulating n can take advantage of natural dynamics of the uid-structure interaction for the propulsive force generation. In addition to the impressive propulsive performance of the undulatory n propulsion, the exceptional maneuverability of knife sh is also a key motivation that drives this thesis work. Thus, we dedicate to investigate how traveling wave shapes and actuation parameters (frequency, wavelength) can manipulate the maneuvering behaviors of a swimmer propelled by an undulating ribbon n. Lastly, we aim to uncover the e ect of varying traveling wave amplitudes and pectoral ns on its maneuvering performances. Two robotic devices were developed to study the propulsive performance of both fullyactuated and under-actuated ribbon n propulsion and investigate the maneuver control of a free-swimming underwater robot propelled by an undulatory n. For the rst research aim, we study the e ect of exible rays and di erent n morphology on the propulsive performance of ribbon- n propulsion. A physical model composed of fteen rays interconnected with an elastic membrane was used to test four di erent ray exural sti ness and four aspect ratios. Our results show that exible rays can improve the propulsive e ciency compared to a rigid counterpart. In addition, the morphology of the ribbon n a ects its propulsive performance as well, and there could exist an optimal n morphology. To understand how an underactuated undulating n can modify its active and passive n motion to e ectively control the hydrodynamic force and propulsive e ciency. We did a series of experiments using the same robotic n model but with some structural modi cations and we measured n kinematics, net surge force and power consumption. We nd that the under-actuated n can keep the equivalent propulsive e ciency as the fully-actuated counterpart within our experimental parameter range. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the thrust force and power consumption of an under-actuated n follow the same scaling laws as the fully-actuated n. To conduct the free-swimming maneuver study, we developed a self-contained, free-swimming robot propelled by an undulatory n, which is able to perform the following maneuvers: forward, reversed swimming and hovering motion. We also performed V3V PIV experiments to capture the ow structures generated by the robotic device. Our results show that the robot can reach higher swimming e ciency at low frequencies. As the number of traveling waves increases, the robot swims more stably in roll, pitch and yaw motions. For cases with varying wave amplitudes, traveling wave with incremental wave amplitude can achieve free-swimming velocity higher than that of decremental wave amplitude. However, the latter case can generate higher pitch angles. For the robot with slightly negative-pitched pectoral ns, it can perform slow diving maneuvers. These ndings demonstrate that we can take advantage of the undulating ribbon n propulsion to achieve high maneuverability for the future underwater vehicles in complex environment.
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Date Issued: 2017
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004853, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004853
Subject Headings: Underwater propulsion., Wave-motion, Theory of., Remote submersibles--Design., Marine engineering.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Reliability-based fatigue design of marine current turbine rotor blades.
Creator: Hurley, Shaun., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
Abstract/Description: The study presents a reliability-based fatigue life prediction model for the ocean current turbine rotor blades. The numerically simulated bending moment ranges based on the measured current velocities off the Southeast coast line of Florida over a one month period are used to reflect the short-term distribution of the bending moment ranges for an idealized marine current turbine rotor blade. The 2-parameter Weibull distribution is used to fit the short-term distribution and then used to...
Show moreThe study presents a reliability-based fatigue life prediction model for the ocean current turbine rotor blades. The numerically simulated bending moment ranges based on the measured current velocities off the Southeast coast line of Florida over a one month period are used to reflect the short-term distribution of the bending moment ranges for an idealized marine current turbine rotor blade. The 2-parameter Weibull distribution is used to fit the short-term distribution and then used to obtain the long-term distribution over the design life. The long-term distribution is then used to determine the number of cycles for any given bending moment range. The published laboratory test data in the form of an ε-N curve is used in conjunction with the long-term distribution of the bending moment ranges in the prediction of the fatigue failure of the rotor blade using Miner's rule. The first-order reliability method is used in order to determine the reliability index for a given section modulus over a given design life. The results of reliability analysis are then used to calibrate the partial safety factors for load and resistance.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3183123
Subject Headings: Turbines, Blades, Materials, Fatigue, Marine turbines, Mathematical models, Composite materials, Mathematical models, Structural dynamics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Optimization of an Ocean Current Turbine Design and Prediction of Wake Propagation in an Array.
Creator: Kawssarani, Ali, VanZwieten, James H., Seiffert, Betsy, Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description: This research focused on maximizing the power generated by an array of ocean current turbines. To achieve this objective, the produced shaft power of an ocean current turbine (OCT) has been quantified using CFD without adding a duct, as well as over a range of duct geometries. For an upstream duct, having a diameter 1.6 times the rotor diameter, the power increased by 8.35% for a duct that extends 1 diameter upstream. This research also focused on turbine array optimization, providing a...
Show moreThis research focused on maximizing the power generated by an array of ocean current turbines. To achieve this objective, the produced shaft power of an ocean current turbine (OCT) has been quantified using CFD without adding a duct, as well as over a range of duct geometries. For an upstream duct, having a diameter 1.6 times the rotor diameter, the power increased by 8.35% for a duct that extends 1 diameter upstream. This research also focused on turbine array optimization, providing a mathematical basis for calculating the water velocity within an array of OCTs. After developing this wake model, it was validated using experimental data. As the downstream distance behind the turbine increases, the analytic results become closer to the experimental results, with a difference of 3% for TI = 3% and difference of 4% for TI = 15%, both at a downstream distance of 4 rotor diameters.
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Date Issued: 2018
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013077
Subject Headings: Turbines--Design and construction., Marine turbines., Ocean current energy, Ocean wave power
Format: Document (PDF)

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