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The Critical Few: Anticonformists at the Crossroads of Minority Opinion Survival and Collapse
Title
The Critical Few: Anticonformists at the Crossroads of Minority Opinion Survival and Collapse.
Creator
Matthew Jarman, Andrzej Nowak, Wojciech Borkowski, David Serfass, Alexander Wong, Robin Vallacher
Abstract/Description
To maintain stability yet retain the flexibility to adapt to changing circumstances, social systems must strike a balance between the maintenance of a shared reality and the survival of minority opinion. A computational model is presented that investigates the interplay of two basic, oppositional social processes— conformity and anticonformity—in promoting the emergence of this balance. Computer simulations employing a cellular automata platform tested hypotheses concerning the survival of...
Show moreTo maintain stability yet retain the flexibility to adapt to changing circumstances, social systems must strike a balance between the maintenance of a shared reality and the survival of minority opinion. A computational model is presented that investigates the interplay of two basic, oppositional social processes— conformity and anticonformity—in promoting the emergence of this balance. Computer simulations employing a cellular automata platform tested hypotheses concerning the survival of minority opinion and the maintenance of system stability for different proportions of anticonformity. Results revealed that a relatively small proportion of anticonformists facilitated the survival of a minority opinion held by a larger number of conformists who would otherwise succumb to pressures for social consensus. Beyond a critical threshold, however, increased proportions of anticonformists undermined social stability. Understanding the adaptive benefits of balanced oppositional forces has implications for optimal functioning in psychological and social processes in general.
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Date Issued
2015
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000485
Format
Document (PDF)
Daily Feedback of Self-Concept Clarity and Grit
Title
Daily Feedback of Self-Concept Clarity and Grit.
Creator
Wong, Alexander E., Vallacher, Robin R., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
Self-concept clarity and grit are important constructs in the self-concept and selfregulation domains. Though distinct in their focus on identity and goal processes, self-concept clarity and grit similarly emphasize the extent to which self-views and goal-perseverance are strong, clear, consistent, and unshakeable. We hypothesized self-knowledge and goalperseverance may be mutually reinforcing given the role of self-knowledge in directing goal pursuit, and of goal pursuit in structuring the...
Show moreSelf-concept clarity and grit are important constructs in the self-concept and selfregulation domains. Though distinct in their focus on identity and goal processes, self-concept clarity and grit similarly emphasize the extent to which self-views and goal-perseverance are strong, clear, consistent, and unshakeable. We hypothesized self-knowledge and goalperseverance may be mutually reinforcing given the role of self-knowledge in directing goal pursuit, and of goal pursuit in structuring the self-concept. The present study tested this hypothesis in the form of whether self-concept clarity and grit reciprocally influence one other across time, and was conducted using a daily diary design with 97 college-aged participants across several weeks. Data were analyzed using multilevel cross-lagged panel modeling. Results indicated daily self-concept clarity and grit both had positive influences on each other across time, while controlling for their previous values. The reciprocal influences were also symmetric: self-concept clarity and grit had equally strong influences on each other. The results of the present study are the first to indicate the existence of reinforcing feedback loops between self-concept clarity and grit, and to demonstrate that fluctuations in self-knowledge trigger fluctuations in goal resolve, and vice versa. The results suggest the two are, in part, both causes and consequences of one another.
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Date Issued
2016
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004689
Subject Headings
Identity (Philosophical concept), Identity (Psychology), Self actualization (Psychology), Self management (Psychology)
Format
Document (PDF)
Digit ratio (2D:4D) predicts communion in exploratory structural equation modeling of self-narratives
Title
Digit ratio (2D:4D) predicts communion in exploratory structural equation modeling of self-narratives.
Creator
Wong, Alexander E., Vallacher, Robin R., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
Agency and communion are fundamental dimensions underlying psychological processes. Although agency and communion are coherent dimensions, their origins, nature, stability differ across theoretical framework. Common to these frameworks are gender differences in agency and communion. The present study hypothesized that because agency and communion relate to gender, they may also relate to digit ratio. The present study is important because digit ratio may offer clues on the origins and nature...
Show moreAgency and communion are fundamental dimensions underlying psychological processes. Although agency and communion are coherent dimensions, their origins, nature, stability differ across theoretical framework. Common to these frameworks are gender differences in agency and communion. The present study hypothesized that because agency and communion relate to gender, they may also relate to digit ratio. The present study is important because digit ratio may offer clues on the origins and nature of agency and communion, and their gender differences. Agency and Communion factors were extracted from implicit linguistic measures obtained by LIWC analysis of selfnarratives. Exploratory structural equation modeling indicated communion related to digit ratio in men, and gender differences in communion. Although the results supported the distal, biological influences of communion argued by evolutionary accounts, the null finding agency was not related to digit ratio, while not directly interpretable, did not contradict socialization accounts of agency.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004237
Subject Headings
Embryology, Human, Fingers -- Sex differences, Human body -- Social aspects, Psychophysiology, Self actualization (Psychology), Sex differentiation
Format
Document (PDF)