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Title: Interpretation of forced and unforced choice behavior.
Creator: Vail, Brian., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The current study investigated the interpretation of an agent's actions under the influence of external forces. Participants viewed a series of videos of an agent making a varying series of decisions and forced behaviors and were asked to predict future behavior. Firstly, we found evidence that suggests that perceivers make inferences about an agent that once they have shown a preference toward an object, they will persist with those initial desires, despite, external forces leading them to a...
Show moreThe current study investigated the interpretation of an agent's actions under the influence of external forces. Participants viewed a series of videos of an agent making a varying series of decisions and forced behaviors and were asked to predict future behavior. Firstly, we found evidence that suggests that perceivers make inferences about an agent that once they have shown a preference toward an object, they will persist with those initial desires, despite, external forces leading them to a different object. Secondly, we found evidence that suggests that submitting to a coerced choice will be perceived as reflecting a conflicting combination of pragmatic behavioral choice (due to concession to external forces) and maintenance of original desires, or, simply put, perceivers infer multiple underlying intentions in others.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/3352877
Subject Headings: Free will and determination, Identity (Psychology), Self (Philosophy), Intentionality (Philosophy), Decision making, Psychological aspects, Philosophy of mind
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Language separation and intermingling in young children's bilingual environments and their effects on children's dual language development and use.
Creator: Place, Silvia., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The current study addressed several questions about the use of language intermingling in child-directed speech and its influence on children's English and Spanish language acquisition on children's language code-switching, Participants were 65 children (Mean age=30.93 months, SD=0.44, 28 boys and 37 girls) who had been exposed to English and Spanish from birth and for whom at least one parent was a native Spanish speaker.... Measures of the children's lexical, grammatical, receptive, and...
Show moreThe current study addressed several questions about the use of language intermingling in child-directed speech and its influence on children's English and Spanish language acquisition on children's language code-switching, Participants were 65 children (Mean age=30.93 months, SD=0.44, 28 boys and 37 girls) who had been exposed to English and Spanish from birth and for whom at least one parent was a native Spanish speaker.... Measures of the children's lexical, grammatical, receptive, and productive language development in English and in Spanish were collected concurrently.... Consistent with sociolinguistic theories that propose that language separation is necessary for heritage language maintenance, children who were exposed to more language intermingling were more English-dominant. Both sensitivity to the language context and children's language dominance were related to children's production of mixed utterances. Children code-switched more when speaking in their less proficient language and when in the context of minority language use.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3355870
Subject Headings: Language arts (Early childhood), Language acquisition, Parent participation, Hispanic American families, Language, Bilingualism in children, Code switching (Linguistics), Sociolinguistics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Language production and comprehension in bilingual children.
Creator: Ribot, Krystal M., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Many adults who have dual language experience describe themselves as "passive bilinguals," able to understand two languages, but speak only one. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between language production and comprehension in bilingual children in order to determine whether bilingual comprehension is more readily achieved than production. ... Productive and receptive skills in both languages were assessed using standardized tests. Children's relative amount of exposure to...
Show moreMany adults who have dual language experience describe themselves as "passive bilinguals," able to understand two languages, but speak only one. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between language production and comprehension in bilingual children in order to determine whether bilingual comprehension is more readily achieved than production. ... Productive and receptive skills in both languages were assessed using standardized tests. Children's relative amount of exposure to each language, as well as their language choice during production was measured via interview with the primary caregiver.... Language exposure as measured via dominance in one language over another appears to affect productive language differently than receptive language, further evidencing that language exposure is a significant predictor of acquisition that predicts production and comprehension differently. Additionally, when input is held constant, child language choice is uniquely related to productive and receptive language skill. The results of this study not only describe patterns of productive and receptive language skills and their correlates in young bilinguals, but they also address competing theories regarding the roles of input and output in the development of language comprehension and production.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358962
Subject Headings: Bilingualism in children, Second language acquisition, Cognitive learning, Language transfer (Language learning)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Psychophysiological measures of aggression and victimization in early adolescence.
Creator: Aults, Christopher D., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Many cardiovascular psychophysiological studies have found evidence of lower arousal states in aggressive individuals and hyper-arousal states in individuals exposed to chronic stress. However, most of these studies have relied on clinical diagnoses or self-reports to identify aggressive and victimized individuals. The present study used peer nominations to identify aggressive, victimized, and non-aggressive or victimized adolescents (mean age = 12.09 yrs.) to examine if any...
Show moreMany cardiovascular psychophysiological studies have found evidence of lower arousal states in aggressive individuals and hyper-arousal states in individuals exposed to chronic stress. However, most of these studies have relied on clinical diagnoses or self-reports to identify aggressive and victimized individuals. The present study used peer nominations to identify aggressive, victimized, and non-aggressive or victimized adolescents (mean age = 12.09 yrs.) to examine if any psychophysiological differences exist during resting and startle conditions. ANOVAs revealed that high aggressive/low victimized adolescents had a lower resting heart period/rate compared to high victimized/low aggressive adolescents. Further analyses revealed a statistical trend of lower resting heart period variability in high victimized/low aggressive individuals compared to non-aggressive non-victimized controls. Due to evidence suggesting that individuals with high self-reported empathy display less aggression, empathy as a moderator for aggression was investigated. Although gender differences w3ere found across measures, empathy ws not found to moderate aggression.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358282
Subject Headings: Bullying in schools, Adolescent psychology, Conduct disorders in adolescence, Aggressiveness in adolescence, Child psychopathology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Product placement within violent media: investigating the role of emotion on product memory.
Creator: Berger, Johanna D., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Despite extensive research into memory and violence, relatively little is known about the relationship between violent media and memory of advertised products. Research has yielded contradictory evidence ; some scholars have found a negative relationship, others a nonexistent one... This research investigated the role of emotion in the relationship between violent media and product placement memory. This study creates insight into inconclusive previous findings by providing evidence that...
Show moreDespite extensive research into memory and violence, relatively little is known about the relationship between violent media and memory of advertised products. Research has yielded contradictory evidence ; some scholars have found a negative relationship, others a nonexistent one... This research investigated the role of emotion in the relationship between violent media and product placement memory. This study creates insight into inconclusive previous findings by providing evidence that violence influences product memory. Specifically, participants were significantly worse at remembering products placed within violent clips (e.g., free recall, cued recall, recognition. Participants' emotional responses to the violent clips also appeared to influence their memory for embedded products ; product recognition was significantly correlated with disgust, avoidance, and interest ratings.... Interestingly, stronger negative responses to the violent clips were correlated with decreased preference for the embedded products. Furthermore, the pattern of differences for product preference between target and non-target violent products varied according to negative emotional reaction. Therefore, this dissertation provides insight into the role emotion plays in the relationship between viewing violent media and product placement memory.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358283
Subject Headings: Mass media, Marketing, Advertising, Psychological aspects, Persuasion (Psychology), Product placement in mass media, Violence in mass media, Psychological aspects, Human information processing, Research
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Self-relevant familiarity effects on object recognition: effects of context, location and object's size.
Creator: Daskagianni, Evangelie., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Recent research in visual object recognition has shown that context can facilitate object recognition. This study assessed the effect of self-relevant familiarity of context in object recognition. Participants performed a task in which they had to recognize degraded objects shown under varying levels of contextual information. The level of degradation at which they could successfully recognize the target object was used as a measure of performance. There were five contextual conditions: (1)...
Show moreRecent research in visual object recognition has shown that context can facilitate object recognition. This study assessed the effect of self-relevant familiarity of context in object recognition. Participants performed a task in which they had to recognize degraded objects shown under varying levels of contextual information. The level of degradation at which they could successfully recognize the target object was used as a measure of performance. There were five contextual conditions: (1) no context, (2) context, (3) context and size, (4) context and location, (5) context, size and location. Within each contextual condition, we compared the performance of "Expert" participants who viewed objects in the context of their own house and "Novice" participants who viewed those particular settings for the first time. Ratings were performed to assess each object's consistency, frequency, position consistency, typicality and shape distinctiveness. Object's size was the only contextual info rmation that did not affect performance. Contextual information significantly reduced the amount of bottom-up visual information needed for object identification for both experts and novices. An interaction (Contextual Information x Level of Familiarity) was observed. Expert participants' performance improved significantly more than novice participants' performance by the presence of contextual information. Location information affected the performance of expert participants, only when objects that occupied stable positions were considered. Both expert and novice participants performed better with objects that rated high in typicality and shape distinctiveness. Object's consistency, frequency and position consistency did not seem to affect expert participants' performance but did affect novice participants' performance., A regression analysis model that included Level of Familiarity, Contextual Information Level, Shape and Typical performance. Our results are in accordance with the priming model of visual object recognition. We concluded that a self-relevant context has its own consistency rules and that it affects visual object recognition by narrowing down the number of expectations and the search space significantly more than a non-self-relevant context does. Keywords: visual object recognition, self-relevant familiarity, location, size, probability.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3332183
Subject Headings: Optical pattern recognition, Context effects (Psychology), Visual perception, Categorization (Psychology), Recognition (Psychology), Whole and parts (Psycholog)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Representation of object-in-context within mouse hippocampal neuronal activity.
Creator: Asgeirsdottir, Herborg Nanna, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The rodent hippocampus is critical for processing spatial memory but its contribution to non-spatial, specifically object memory is debated. The cognitive map theory of hippocampal function states that the hippocampus stores relationships of goal locations (places) to discrete items (objects) encountered within environments. Dorsal CA1 place cells were recorded in male C57BL/6J mice performing three variations of the novel object recognition paradigm to define "object-in-context"...
Show moreThe rodent hippocampus is critical for processing spatial memory but its contribution to non-spatial, specifically object memory is debated. The cognitive map theory of hippocampal function states that the hippocampus stores relationships of goal locations (places) to discrete items (objects) encountered within environments. Dorsal CA1 place cells were recorded in male C57BL/6J mice performing three variations of the novel object recognition paradigm to define "object-in-context" representation of hippocampal neuronal activity that may support object memory. Results indicate, (i) that place field stability is higher when polarizing environmental cues are provided during object recognition; (ii) hippocampal place fields remain stable throughout the novel object recognition testing without a polarizing cue; and (iii) time dependent effects on stability when objects were dissociated from the context. These data indirectly support that the rodent hippocampus processes object memory, and challenge the view that "object-in-context" representations are formed when mice perform novel object recognition task.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3362339
Subject Headings: Mice as laboratory animals, Hippocampus (Brain), Neurotransmitter receptors, Cellular control mechanisms, Cellular signal transduction
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Selecting, retaining, and socializing friends: substance use similarity among adolescent friends.
Creator: DeLay, Dawn, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Friends have been implicated in the acquisition of adolescent substance use, but little attention has been given to how the origins of substance use similarity vary across groups. The first aim of this study is to examine whether friend selection, de-selection, and socialization differ as a function of friendship group's substance use. The second aim of this study is to extend Simulation Investigation for Empirical Network Analyses (SIENA) by demonstrating how group-level interactions can be...
Show moreFriends have been implicated in the acquisition of adolescent substance use, but little attention has been given to how the origins of substance use similarity vary across groups. The first aim of this study is to examine whether friend selection, de-selection, and socialization differ as a function of friendship group's substance use. The second aim of this study is to extend Simulation Investigation for Empirical Network Analyses (SIENA) by demonstrating how group-level interactions can be included in the mode, and to demonstrate a new method to follow-up statistically significant group-level interactions in SIENA. Participants include 1419 Finnish students (729 females, 690 males) from upper secondary schools in Finland. Two waves of data were collected, starting when most participants were between 15 and 17 years of age. Waves of data collection were separated by one year. Results indicate that friends are selected, deselected, and socialized for substance use. Follow-up illustrations indicate that the magnitude of these processes vary as a function of substance use in the friendship group.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3170601
Subject Headings: Teenagers, Substance use, Adolescent psychology, Teenagers, Social networks, Peer pressure in adolescence, Teenagers, Conduct of life
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Segregating stimululs information for counterchange and motion energy-determined motion perception.
Creator: Seifert, Matthew S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: It has been argued that the perception of apparent motion is based on the detection of counterchange (oppositely signed changes in luminance contrast at pairs of spatial locations) rather than motion energy (spatiotemporal changes in luminance). A constraint in furthering this distinction is that both counterchange and motion energy are present for most motion stimuli. Three experiments used illusory-contour and luminance-based stimuli to segregate (experiments 1 and 2) and combine ...
Show moreIt has been argued that the perception of apparent motion is based on the detection of counterchange (oppositely signed changes in luminance contrast at pairs of spatial locations) rather than motion energy (spatiotemporal changes in luminance). A constraint in furthering this distinction is that both counterchange and motion energy are present for most motion stimuli. Three experiments used illusory-contour and luminance-based stimuli to segregate (experiments 1 and 2) and combine (experiment 3) counterchange and motion energy information. Motion specified by counterchange was perceived for translating illusory squares over a wide range of frame durations, and preferentially for short motion paths. Motion specified by motion energy was diminished by relatively long frame durations, but was not affected by the length of the motion path. Results for the combined stimulus were consistent with counterchange as the basis for apparent motion perception, despite the presence of motion energy.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3362563
Subject Headings: Perceptual-motor processes, Movement, Psychology of, Space and time, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Risk of sperm competition moderatres men's relationship satisfaction and interest in their partner's copulatory orgasm.
Creator: Bates, Vincent M., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Sperm competition occurs when the sperm of multiple males concurrently occupy a female's reproductive tract and compete for fertilization. Sperm competition may have been a recurrent adaptive problem over human evolutionary history. Women's orgasm may facilitate retention of a particular man's sperm. I therefore hypothesized that men experiencing greater sperm competition risk will be particularly interested in the occurrence of their partner's copulatory orgasm. Men who are more satisfied...
Show moreSperm competition occurs when the sperm of multiple males concurrently occupy a female's reproductive tract and compete for fertilization. Sperm competition may have been a recurrent adaptive problem over human evolutionary history. Women's orgasm may facilitate retention of a particular man's sperm. I therefore hypothesized that men experiencing greater sperm competition risk will be particularly interested in the occurrence of their partner's copulatory orgasm. Men who are more satisfied with and invested in their relationship may experience greater costs in the event of sperm competition and potential cuckoldry. Therefore, these men may be more interested in ensuring their partner's copulatory orgasm. I hypothesized that men's relationship satisfaction and investment would predict interest in their partner's copulatory orgasm and moderate the link between sperm competition risk and interest in partner's copulatory orgasm. Using data secured from 229 men in a committed relationship, I tested and found support for these hypotheses.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/1927608
Subject Headings: Man-woman relationships, Sperm competition, Human behavior, Competition (Biology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Remembering the future: individual differences in metacognitive representation predict prospective memory performance on time-baseed [sic] and event-based tasks in early childhood.
Creator: Causey, Kayla B., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Prospective memory is remembering to perform an action in the future, such as attending a meeting (a time-based task) or picking up milk at the gas station (an eventbased task), and is crucial to achieving goal-directed activities in everyday life. Children who fail to develop prospective memory abilities are likely to experience difficulties interacting with parents, teachers, and peers. To date, research on prospective memory development has been primarily descriptive or focused on...
Show moreProspective memory is remembering to perform an action in the future, such as attending a meeting (a time-based task) or picking up milk at the gas station (an eventbased task), and is crucial to achieving goal-directed activities in everyday life. Children who fail to develop prospective memory abilities are likely to experience difficulties interacting with parents, teachers, and peers. To date, research on prospective memory development has been primarily descriptive or focused on underlying executive functioning. This dissertation investigated the developmental relationship between metacognitive representation and prospective memory in preschool and elementary school children and adults. Findings from Study 1 indicated that individual differences in representational ability independently predicted individual differences in 3-year-olds' performance on event-based tasks that are of low-interest. Qualitative changes are important to consider when modeling prospective memory develop ment, as with episodic memory. Study 2 presents findings based on a study using the CyberCruiser 2.0, an Xbox-style racing game designed to assess time-based prospective memory. This study confirmed that kindergarten children are capable of completing this time-based prospective memory task but revealed that performance improved with age. Between kindergarten and 2nd grade, children become better aware of their own mental processes and abilities, allowing them to adjust their strategies and perform more comparable to adults. As a result, in this study, younger children tended to overestimate their prospective memory abilities and were less likely to monitor passing time, causing them to fail more time-based task trials than older children and adults., Similarly, participants who underestimated the costs of prospective memory failed more time-based tasks relative to those who more accurately assessed these costs. Although this latter relationship was limited to adults, it suggests that a poor metacognitive understanding of the costs of prospective memory may result in missed opportunities to carry out a delayed intention if individuals fail to allocate attentional resources appropriately. These findings have theoretical implications for models of prospective memory and development. Practical implications for educating children are also discussed.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2974431
Subject Headings: Metacognition, Memory, Pyschological aspects, Social psychology, Cognition in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Patterns of influence on school engagement and the moderating effects of maternal affection.
Creator: Marion, Donna, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This study investigated friend influence on school engagement in a sample of 160 stable same-sex friendship dyads (94 female dyads and 66 male dyads) from five senior high schools and four vocational schools in a small city in central Finland. Longitudinal data were collected during the first and second years of upper secondary school, approximately one year apart, and self-reports were available from both members of each friendship dyad. The framework of the Actor-Partner Interdependence...
Show moreThis study investigated friend influence on school engagement in a sample of 160 stable same-sex friendship dyads (94 female dyads and 66 male dyads) from five senior high schools and four vocational schools in a small city in central Finland. Longitudinal data were collected during the first and second years of upper secondary school, approximately one year apart, and self-reports were available from both members of each friendship dyad. The framework of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM; Kenny, Kashy & Cook, 2006) was used to estimate friend influence on school engagement in a model that did not distinguish same-sex friends, in a direct-effects model that distinguished friends based on relative levels of school burnout, and in a multiple-group model for distinguishable friends that investigated perceptions of maternal affection as a moderator of friend influence. Results suggest that the higher burnout partner in a friendship dyad influenced a decline in the lower burnout partner's school engagement only when the lower burnout partner perceived low maternal affection. When the lower burnout partner perceived high maternal affection, there was no evidence of negative influence by a higher burnout partner. Patterns of influence did not vary as a function of sex or school track. The importance of distinguishing friends on a theoretically and statistically meaningful basis to learn who influences whom, and of investigating indirect effects models when studying friend influence is also discussed.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3332721
Subject Headings: Friendship in adolescence, Interpersonal relations in adolescence, Peer pressure in adolescence, Attachment behavior in adolescence, Parent and teenager, Parenting, Psychological aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Maintaining self-intergrity through superstitious behavior.
Creator: Moyer, Ryan M., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Superstitious behavior is still a common occurrence in modern society, seemingly impervious to intellectual progress that humans have made throughout history. While the desire to maintain a sense of control over one's environment has been investigated as one of the key motivations behind superstitious behavior, it has yet to be examined within the context of the self-concept. Threats to one's sense of control can also be construed as general threats to one's global sense of self-worth....
Show moreSuperstitious behavior is still a common occurrence in modern society, seemingly impervious to intellectual progress that humans have made throughout history. While the desire to maintain a sense of control over one's environment has been investigated as one of the key motivations behind superstitious behavior, it has yet to be examined within the context of the self-concept. Threats to one's sense of control can also be construed as general threats to one's global sense of self-worth. Consequently, while superstitious behavior may be triggered by control threats, it may also occur as a result of any general threat to self-integrity. Moreover, if superstitious behavior is motivated by the desire to maintain overall self-integrity, then depriving individuals of a chance to engage in superstitious behavior should elicit subsequent attempts to repair self-integrity via alternative means. Three studies were conducted in order to establish this link between self functioning and superstitious behavior. Studies 1a and 1b did not find any evidence that manipulating the self-concept prior to an event designed to evoke superstition would increase the desire to engage in superstitious behavior. Threatening (or boosting) one's self-esteem prior to a game of chance did not affect participant's desire to use a superstitious strategy (aura color). Study 2 provided evidence that superstitious behavior is motivated by a desire to maintain self-integrity by showing that individuals deprived of their aura color prior to a game of chance were more likely to engage in self-affirmation subsequently. It also showed that the impact of depriving individuals of a superstitious strategy is independent of belief in such strategy., Study 2, however, did not find evidence that chronic self-esteem, self-esteem stability, or an individual's desire for control moderated this effect. Possible reasons for this lack of support for our hypotheses are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2683539
Subject Headings: Self-esteem, Psychological aspects, Motivation (Psychology), Self-assertion, Identity (Psychology), Self-defeating behavior
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Learning to match faces and voices.
Creator: Davidson, Meredith., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This study examines whether forming a single identity is crucial to learning to bind faces and voices, or if people are equally able to do so without tying this information to an identity. To test this, individuals learned paired faces and voices that were in one of three different conditions: True voice, Gender Matched, or Gender Mismatched conditions. Performance was measured in a training phase as well as a test phase, and results show that participants were able to learn more quickly and...
Show moreThis study examines whether forming a single identity is crucial to learning to bind faces and voices, or if people are equally able to do so without tying this information to an identity. To test this, individuals learned paired faces and voices that were in one of three different conditions: True voice, Gender Matched, or Gender Mismatched conditions. Performance was measured in a training phase as well as a test phase, and results show that participants were able to learn more quickly and have higher overall performance for learning in the True Voice and Gender Matched conditions. During the test phase, performance was almost at chance in the Gender Mismatched condition which may mean that learning in the training phase was simply memorization of the pairings for this condition. Results support the hypothesis that learning to bind faces and voices is a process that involves forming a supramodal identity from multisensory learning.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2683140
Subject Headings: Sensorimotor integration, Senses and sensation, Intersensory effects, Perceptual learning, Pattern recognition systems
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Mate value and partner-directed insults.
Creator: Miner, Emily J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: To prevent a partner's infidelity and relationship defection, men perform mate retention behaviors. Some of these mate retention behaviors are high-risk because they decrease the likelihood of infidelity while potentially increasing the likelihood of relationship defection. Although previous research has indicated that mate value may be related to mate retention generally, research has not addressed these cost-inflicting mate retention behaviors specifically. The current research examines the...
Show moreTo prevent a partner's infidelity and relationship defection, men perform mate retention behaviors. Some of these mate retention behaviors are high-risk because they decrease the likelihood of infidelity while potentially increasing the likelihood of relationship defection. Although previous research has indicated that mate value may be related to mate retention generally, research has not addressed these cost-inflicting mate retention behaviors specifically. The current research examines the relationship between men's and women's mate values and men's use of partner-directed insults - a specific type of cost-inflicting mate retention behavior. The results from a sample of 158 women indicate that although men's and women's mate values predict men's partner-directed insults, men's mate value is a better predictor than is women's mate value. Women who report that their partners have lower mate value also report that their partners insult them more frequently than women who report that their partners have higher mate value.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/210495
Subject Headings: Behaviorism (Psychology), Social aspects, Man-woman relationships, Commitment (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Sports and its effects on gender typing.
Creator: Frias, Arian., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Sports and its effects on children have been researched for the benefits that it may bring. The purpose of this study is to see if sports competency, assessed by both peer reports and self-reports, benefits both boys and girls and whether it protects children who generally are gender-atypical from adjustment difficulties and also to see if there are any interactive influences of cross-gender typing and sports competency on self-esteem, depression, and other adjustment indexes. Our results...
Show moreSports and its effects on children have been researched for the benefits that it may bring. The purpose of this study is to see if sports competency, assessed by both peer reports and self-reports, benefits both boys and girls and whether it protects children who generally are gender-atypical from adjustment difficulties and also to see if there are any interactive influences of cross-gender typing and sports competency on self-esteem, depression, and other adjustment indexes. Our results found that there was a significant interaction between sports competence and cross-gender typing when looking at popularity and also a significant interaction between sports self-efficacy and cross-gender typing when looking at self-esteem. Our data did not provide sufficient support for our buffering hypothesis, but it allowed for us to conclude that self-esteem of low-cross-gender-typed children profit more from high sports self-efficacy and suffer more from low sports self-efficacy than the self-esteem of high-cross-gender-typed children.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3175020
Subject Headings: Physical education and training, Psychological aspects, Sports, Psychological aspects, Gender identity, Sex discrimination in sports, Self-esteem
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Memory for emotional and non-emotional events.
Creator: Butler, Leslie A., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of emotion on an individual's ability to bind actors and actions in memories for events. Binding is the process of creating associations among features of a stimulus in order to represent that they belong together; however, errors can occur when a feature from one stimulus is incorrectly associated with a feature from another stimulus. Participants viewed a series of video clips, each depicting an actor performing a simple emotional or...
Show moreThis experiment was designed to investigate the effect of emotion on an individual's ability to bind actors and actions in memories for events. Binding is the process of creating associations among features of a stimulus in order to represent that they belong together; however, errors can occur when a feature from one stimulus is incorrectly associated with a feature from another stimulus. Participants viewed a series of video clips, each depicting an actor performing a simple emotional or non-emotional action. One week later, they viewed a series of retrieval video clips consisting of old, (previously seen), conjunction (previously seen action performed by a different actor) and also new video clips. Participants responded "yes" to viewing the old clips the most, followed by both conjunction clips, and then new clips. Participants also responded "yes" more often to emotional items and also displayed higher confidence ratings to "yes" responses for emotional items.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/221946
Subject Headings: Recollection (Psychology), Memory, Physiological effects, Emotions, Physiological effects, Emotion and cognition
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Measuring interpersonal conflict.
Creator: Puder, Justin., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Previous research suggests that self-reports of the frequency of events can vary dramatically. Minor changes in question format can result in major changes in the obtained results. The purpose of this study is to examine how changes in reference period, memory cue, and measurement scale affect participants' self-reports of conflict frequency. Additionally, the role of cognitive effort was examined to gain insight into the recall strategy used for different measures of conflict. Participants...
Show morePrevious research suggests that self-reports of the frequency of events can vary dramatically. Minor changes in question format can result in major changes in the obtained results. The purpose of this study is to examine how changes in reference period, memory cue, and measurement scale affect participants' self-reports of conflict frequency. Additionally, the role of cognitive effort was examined to gain insight into the recall strategy used for different measures of conflict. Participants include 175 college undergraduates between the ages of 18-24, enrolled in psychology courses at Florida Atlantic University. Results indicate that reference period and memory cue form a significant interaction to create changes in reports of conflict frequency. Both reference period and memory cue act differently within the different conflict measurement scales. In the 0-10 or more scale, memory cue was statistically significant with higher rates of conflict reported in the cued condition than the uncued. In the open (fill in the blank) scale, there was a significant interaction between reference period and memory cue with the highest amount of conflict being reported in the one day/cued condition. The Likert scale behaved differently than the other two absolute frequency scales. Within the Likert scale there was a significant interaction between reference period and memory cue, however, the highest amount of conflict reported was in the two weeks/uncued condition. Finally, cognitive effort varied as a product of reference period, within both the 0-10 or more scale and the open scale with the two weeks condition eliciting higher reports of effort than the one day condition. These cognitive effort findings suggest that participants used enumeration as a recall strategy for the absolute frequency scales and estimation for the Likert scale.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3320107
Subject Headings: Interpersonal relations, Research, Sensitivity (Personality trait), Research, Motivation (Psychology), Well-being, Conflict and culture
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Neuropsychological correlates of emotion regulation in HIV.
Creator: McIntosh, Roger C., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Diminished affective behavior is a frequently observed concomitant of cognitive dysfunction in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), yet little is known about their relationship. A neuropsychological battery and electroencephalogram (EEG) recording was conducted on 29 HIV+ (Mage = 35.6 years, SD =5.36) and 30 HIV- (Mage =32.9 years, SD =6.39) women recruited from a family AIDS care program in South Florida. Using an emotion regulation paradigm, we compared event-related potentials (ERPs)...
Show moreDiminished affective behavior is a frequently observed concomitant of cognitive dysfunction in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), yet little is known about their relationship. A neuropsychological battery and electroencephalogram (EEG) recording was conducted on 29 HIV+ (Mage = 35.6 years, SD =5.36) and 30 HIV- (Mage =32.9 years, SD =6.39) women recruited from a family AIDS care program in South Florida. Using an emotion regulation paradigm, we compared event-related potentials (ERPs) following cues to view-neutral, view-negative and reappraise-negative images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). A group X instruction interaction was found for the P200 and early (400-1000 ms) late positive potential (LPP). Executive function, i.e., frequent task-switching predicted the attenuation of the early and late LPP following cues to up-regulate negative emotions. Greater response inhibition predicted attenuation of the LPP during the down-regulation of negative emotions. These findings suggest limited cognitive resources for the reappraisal of emotions in women with HIV.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3355621
Subject Headings: Psychoneuroendocrinology, Emotion, Psychological aspects, Aids (Disease), Patients, Mental health, Aids (Disease), Psychological aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Not what you think: judgement transformation through nonconscious thought.
Creator: Parkin, Steven S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Perceiver's use of thought suppression to maintain a consistent attitude toward another person ironically leads to nonlinear changes in their evaluations over time. In this study of interpersonal evaluation, 157 participants across three conditions (high-level mindset, low-level mindset, and control) observe the same person in seven counter-balanced videotaped social interactions depicting helpful, rude, and ambiguous behaviors. The high-level prime instructed participants to focus on the...
Show morePerceiver's use of thought suppression to maintain a consistent attitude toward another person ironically leads to nonlinear changes in their evaluations over time. In this study of interpersonal evaluation, 157 participants across three conditions (high-level mindset, low-level mindset, and control) observe the same person in seven counter-balanced videotaped social interactions depicting helpful, rude, and ambiguous behaviors. The high-level prime instructed participants to focus on the target's goals and intentions ; low-level participants focused on the target's specific concrete behaviors. High-level participants better resisted the influence of conflicting information by surpressing thoughts inconsistent with their initial evaluation of the target. From the dynamical systems perspective, such suppressed information over time becomes organized as an alternative attractor, nonconsciously influencing the perceiver's cognitive system, leading to change away from an initial attitude, as measured by the Mouse Paradigm procedure.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3355871
Subject Headings: Emotions and cognition, Subconsciousness, Unconscious (Psychology), Cognitive psychology
Format: Document (PDF)

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