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Neural correlates of human sensorimotor coordination: EEG, MEG, and functional MRI

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Date Issued:
2000
Summary:
The ability to coordinate rhythmic finger movement with a metronome is constrained by both the target timing relation and the rate of coordination. For slow metronome rates (<2 Hz), subjects are able to both syncopate (in between successive beats) and synchronize (on each beat) with the metronome. At faster rates, however, syncopation becomes unstable and subjects spontaneously switch to synchronization in order to maintain a 1:1 stimulus/response relationship. No switches are observed if subjects start in synchronization, indicating it is an inherently more stable mode of coordination. Patterns of brain activity associated with transitions from syncopation to synchronization as well as synchronization only were examined as the metronome rate was increased from 1.0 to 2.75 or 3.0 Hz. Significant differences in the power of the coordination frequency component of event-related potentials (EEG) as well as the MEG beta (15--30 Hz) rhythm were observed when brain activity associated with syncopation was compared to that accompanying synchronization. These differences were focused over left central and centro-parietal areas and the direction of difference in both cases suggests that syncopation is associated with stronger activation of contralateral sensorimotor cortex. Similar results were found when subjects only imagined performing each mode of coordination at an increasing rate, indicating that differences in signal power at least partially reflect neural processes associated with motor planning and preparation independent of overt execution. Consistent with these findings, functional MRI revealed syncopation to be accompanied by significantly more activity in a wide array of cortical (e.g., premotor, prefrontal) and subcortical (basal ganglia, cerebellum) areas known to play a role in motor planning and/or timing of behavior. Whereas the neuromagnetic auditory response decreased as function of coordination rate, the motor evoked response remained approximately constant. This was true both when subjects syncopated and synchronized but may reflect changes in auditory-motor integration near movement rates that induce transitions in the former case. A control experiment examined only self-paced movement and showed a second neuromagnetic motor 'readiness' response that was strongly attenuated for rates above 1.0 Hz. This may signify a decreased need for the planning of motor behavior at faster rhythmic rates.
Title: Neural correlates of human sensorimotor coordination: EEG, MEG, and functional MRI.
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Name(s): Mayville, Justine Meaux
Florida Atlantic University, Degree Grantor
Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
Type of Resource: text
Genre: Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation
Issuance: monographic
Date Issued: 2000
Publisher: Florida Atlantic University
Place of Publication: Boca Raton, Fla.
Physical Form: application/pdf
Extent: 238 p.
Language(s): English
Summary: The ability to coordinate rhythmic finger movement with a metronome is constrained by both the target timing relation and the rate of coordination. For slow metronome rates (<2 Hz), subjects are able to both syncopate (in between successive beats) and synchronize (on each beat) with the metronome. At faster rates, however, syncopation becomes unstable and subjects spontaneously switch to synchronization in order to maintain a 1:1 stimulus/response relationship. No switches are observed if subjects start in synchronization, indicating it is an inherently more stable mode of coordination. Patterns of brain activity associated with transitions from syncopation to synchronization as well as synchronization only were examined as the metronome rate was increased from 1.0 to 2.75 or 3.0 Hz. Significant differences in the power of the coordination frequency component of event-related potentials (EEG) as well as the MEG beta (15--30 Hz) rhythm were observed when brain activity associated with syncopation was compared to that accompanying synchronization. These differences were focused over left central and centro-parietal areas and the direction of difference in both cases suggests that syncopation is associated with stronger activation of contralateral sensorimotor cortex. Similar results were found when subjects only imagined performing each mode of coordination at an increasing rate, indicating that differences in signal power at least partially reflect neural processes associated with motor planning and preparation independent of overt execution. Consistent with these findings, functional MRI revealed syncopation to be accompanied by significantly more activity in a wide array of cortical (e.g., premotor, prefrontal) and subcortical (basal ganglia, cerebellum) areas known to play a role in motor planning and/or timing of behavior. Whereas the neuromagnetic auditory response decreased as function of coordination rate, the motor evoked response remained approximately constant. This was true both when subjects syncopated and synchronized but may reflect changes in auditory-motor integration near movement rates that induce transitions in the former case. A control experiment examined only self-paced movement and showed a second neuromagnetic motor 'readiness' response that was strongly attenuated for rates above 1.0 Hz. This may signify a decreased need for the planning of motor behavior at faster rhythmic rates.
Identifier: 9780599953178 (isbn), 12658 (digitool), FADT12658 (IID), fau:9540 (fedora)
Collection: FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection
Note(s): Advisers: Armin Fuchs; J. A. Scott Kelso.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2000.
Subject(s): Biology, Neuroscience
Brain -- Electric properties
Brain -- Localization of functions
Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology)
Held by: Florida Atlantic University Libraries
Persistent Link to This Record: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12658
Sublocation: Digital Library
Use and Reproduction: Copyright © is held by the author, with permission granted to Florida Atlantic University to digitize, archive and distribute this item for non-profit research and educational purposes. Any reuse of this item in excess of fair use or other copyright exemptions requires permission of the copyright holder.
Use and Reproduction: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Host Institution: FAU
Is Part of Series: Florida Atlantic University Digital Library Collections.